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内科病例:不可忽略的接触史,你考虑到了吗?

2016-05-24 易可 医客

中老年男性,肝酶升高、腹胀、腹腔积液,间断低烧,常规处理无效,接下来该怎么办?

中老年男性,肝酶升高、腹胀、腹腔积液,间断低烧,常规处理无效,接下来该怎么办?

【一般资料】男,55岁。

【主诉】因腹胀、少尿、食欲缺乏2周,加重伴发热3天入院。

【现病史】入院前2周患者因劳累出现腹胀、少尿、食欲缺乏,伴关节酸痛,自服复方氨酚烷胺胶囊效果差,后就诊于当地县医院。当地医院查肝功能示丙氨酸转氨酶( ALT) 381.2 U/L,天冬氨酸转氨酶( AST)216.5 U/L,总胆红素( TBiL) 42.4μmol /L,白蛋白( ALB) 34.6 g /L,腹部超声检查提示脾大、腹腔积液,以肝硬化、腹腔积液住当地县医院消化内科,给予保肝、利尿等治疗,症状无明显好转,遂来我院就诊。

【既往史】:身体健康,否认肝病、结核病史,无饮酒史。

【查体】体温38.3℃,
脉搏78 /min,呼吸20 /min,血压115 /75 mmHg。精神差。肝掌、蜘蛛痣( - ) ,皮肤、巩膜轻度黄染。心、肺检查无异常; 腹部隆起,全腹压痛、反跳痛( + ) ,腹壁肌张力高,肝脾未触及,移动性浊音阳性; 双下肢无水肿; 神经系统检查未发现阳性体征。

以下是群内医生们的初步诊断

“自身免疫性肝病”
“肾功能不全”
“肝功能不全”
“刚功能损害“
“有发热和腹膜炎表现,急性肝炎”
“自发性腹膜炎”
“急性病毒性肝炎”
“药物性肝损害”
“肝硬化腹水”
“肝硬化”

【入院后检查】查血ALT 472.2 U/L,AST 287.4 U/L,TBiL58.1μmol /L,DBiL 29.6μmol /L,ALB 36.8 g /L,前白蛋白( PA )76.8 mg /L; 凝血酶原时间( PT) 13.6 s; 肾功能、电解质检查未发现异常。各种嗜肝病毒、自身免疫抗体及肿瘤标志物检测均( - ) ,结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物( PPD) 试验( - ) 。腹腔积液检测: 蛋白( + ) ,白细胞512 × 106 /L。腹部超声检查: 肝脏呈弥漫性损害、脾大,大量腹腔积液。

【初步诊治】肝硬化( 病因不明) ,腹腔积液,腹腔感染。给予谷胱甘肽1.2 g,异甘草酸镁100 mg,每日1 次静脉滴注; 左氧氟沙星0.2 g 每日2次静脉滴注。入院第8天患者腹腔积液消退不明显,仍间断发热,复查腹腔积液: 蛋白( + ) ,白细胞425 × 106 /L。腹部CT 检查示脾大、腹腔积液。胃镜检查示慢性非萎缩性胃炎。

以下是群内医生们的进一步诊断

“肝硬化肝小结节”
“肾损害”
“硬化并发急性腹膜炎”
“感染性腹膜炎”
“急性白血病
“血吸,肝包虫”
“布氏病”
“布鲁菌病”

【进一步诊治】追问病史:有家畜密切接触史。入院第9天患者于内蒙古地方病研究所检测布鲁杆菌: 琥红平板试验( RBPT) ( ++++) ,凝集试验( SAT) 1∶ 100,布鲁杆菌IgM 39.15 U/L、IgG 86.94 U/L。

【最终诊断】
布鲁杆菌病急性期

【治疗】加用头孢地嗪1 g 每日2 次静脉滴注,多西环素0.1 g 每日2 次口服,泼尼松10 mg 每日1 次口服。1 周后患者发热消失,腹胀缓解,腹腔积液明显消退。患者共住院31 d 出院,出院时复查肝功能恢复正常,超声检查示腹腔积液消失。随访12 个月,无复发。

【病例分析】布鲁杆菌病是一种多器官损害疾病,肝脏是布鲁杆菌最易侵犯的器官之一。有文献报道布鲁杆菌病引起的肝脏损害为49.5% ~ 72.8%,表现为肝细胞损伤或坏死、肝脏化脓性炎症和肉芽肿性炎症等多种形式,其中以ALT、AST 升高为主的肝损害最为常见。本例多次检测肝功能ALT、AST 均升高,符合布鲁杆菌病所致的肝损害特点。分析本例肝损害、腹腔积液形成的原因,布鲁杆菌侵犯肝脏,导致肝细胞损害,出现ALT、AST 升高,PA、ALB 合成低下,诱发低蛋白血症,使血浆渗透压降低,造成腹腔积液形成和布鲁杆菌感染腹膜,而腹腔积液形成和布鲁杆菌感染腹膜又可诱发腹膜变态反应,致腹膜渗出液增加。此外,低蛋白血症易诱发肠道细菌移位,使腹膜炎性渗出增加,加重腹腔积液,从而使患者出现了肝损害、腹腔积液及腹腔感染表现。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91217, encodeId=64e89121e45, content=发热原因入院,入院时就需要筛查布病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a5df1733919, createdName=WEIXIN34ae6700, createdTime=Sun Jun 26 21:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87183, encodeId=e0d38e18333, content=好病例, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3d271706504, createdName=1de9286dm36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed May 25 19:29:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87046, encodeId=95788e046c3, content=的确学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=163, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Wed May 25 07:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87047, encodeId=bf498e04723, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Wed May 25 07:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86938, encodeId=61e68693854, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=137, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Tue May 24 15:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-06-26 WEIXIN34ae6700

    发热原因入院,入院时就需要筛查布病

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91217, encodeId=64e89121e45, content=发热原因入院,入院时就需要筛查布病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a5df1733919, createdName=WEIXIN34ae6700, createdTime=Sun Jun 26 21:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87183, encodeId=e0d38e18333, content=好病例, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3d271706504, createdName=1de9286dm36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed May 25 19:29:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87046, encodeId=95788e046c3, content=的确学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=163, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Wed May 25 07:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87047, encodeId=bf498e04723, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Wed May 25 07:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86938, encodeId=61e68693854, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=137, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Tue May 24 15:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-25 1de9286dm36(暂无匿称)

    好病例

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91217, encodeId=64e89121e45, content=发热原因入院,入院时就需要筛查布病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a5df1733919, createdName=WEIXIN34ae6700, createdTime=Sun Jun 26 21:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87183, encodeId=e0d38e18333, content=好病例, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3d271706504, createdName=1de9286dm36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed May 25 19:29:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87046, encodeId=95788e046c3, content=的确学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=163, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Wed May 25 07:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87047, encodeId=bf498e04723, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Wed May 25 07:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86938, encodeId=61e68693854, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=137, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Tue May 24 15:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-25 milkshark

    的确学习了

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91217, encodeId=64e89121e45, content=发热原因入院,入院时就需要筛查布病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a5df1733919, createdName=WEIXIN34ae6700, createdTime=Sun Jun 26 21:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87183, encodeId=e0d38e18333, content=好病例, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3d271706504, createdName=1de9286dm36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed May 25 19:29:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87046, encodeId=95788e046c3, content=的确学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=163, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Wed May 25 07:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87047, encodeId=bf498e04723, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Wed May 25 07:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86938, encodeId=61e68693854, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=137, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Tue May 24 15:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-25 milkshark

    值得收藏

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91217, encodeId=64e89121e45, content=发热原因入院,入院时就需要筛查布病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a5df1733919, createdName=WEIXIN34ae6700, createdTime=Sun Jun 26 21:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87183, encodeId=e0d38e18333, content=好病例, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3d271706504, createdName=1de9286dm36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed May 25 19:29:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87046, encodeId=95788e046c3, content=的确学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=163, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Wed May 25 07:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=87047, encodeId=bf498e04723, content=值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Wed May 25 07:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86938, encodeId=61e68693854, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=137, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Tue May 24 15:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-24 忠诚向上

    好好学习一下

    0

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