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柳叶刀子刊:每天久坐超6小时,12种慢性病找上门!换成运动1小时,风险立减11%-31%!

2022-05-02 LILYMED MedSci原创

eClinicalMedicine:久坐时间和身体活动与不良健康状况的关系:使用等时替代模型的结果分析.

考虑到久坐的高流行率和健康成本,它是一个主要的公共卫生问题。在英国,每个成年人平均每天坐5小时,30%的成年人在一周内坐至少6小时,周末则上升到37%。最近的加拿大24小时运动指南建议,成年人久坐时间应限制在8小时或以下,其中包括成年人不超过3小时的娱乐屏幕时间。

目前的指南和概述系统地总结了有关久坐时间对健康状况的影响的证据。例如,有人认为久坐时间较长与全因死亡风险增加有关。久坐时间也是几种非传染性疾病(NCD)的既定危险因素,例如心血管疾病(CVD)、糖尿病和认知能力下降。中等证据表明,久坐使患结直肠癌、子宫内膜癌和肺癌的风险增加。然而,大多数现有证据来自单独和异质性的研究。因此,这值得在一项以结果分析为导向的大规模研究中进行调查。

为了加强关于久坐时间影响的现有证据,并为身体活动干预措施的发展和评估提供信息,本研究探索了久坐时间与45种非传染性疾病风险的综合关联,主要目标是评估用轻度体育活动(LPA)、中度体育活动(MPA)、剧烈体育活动(VPA)和睡眠替代每天久坐的时间是否与降低某些非传染性疾病的风险有关。

本研究最终纳入了2006-2010年参加的360047名参与者(54.5%为女性)。参与者的平均年龄为55.8±8.1岁(范围37-73岁),所有参与者的随访时间都持续到2020年。有67034名(18.6%)参与者报告久坐时间超过6小时/天。表1显示了按久坐时间划分的研究人群的基线特征。

从受限立方样条模型中得出了久坐时间与个体非传染性疾病之间估计的剂量-反应关联,久坐时间总体上与17种非传染性疾病的风险相关。对于17种非传染性疾病中的14种,包括缺血性心脏病(IHD),肺癌,慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD),哮喘,糖尿病,甲状腺疾病,偏头痛,睡眠障碍,焦虑,慢性肝病(CLD),慢性肾脏病(CKD),炎症性肠病(IBD),憩室病和类风湿性关节炎,有线性关联的证据。相比之下,久坐时间与另外3种非传染性疾病(痴呆,抑郁,精神分裂症)之间的关联是曲线性的。

当对久坐时间进行分类时,与久坐时间≤2小时/天相比,发现>6小时/天与45种非传染性疾病中的12种风险较高有关(P <0.0011)(图1),包括偏头痛、类风湿性关节炎、COPD、糖尿病、痛风,CKD、CLD、哮喘、甲状腺疾病、抑郁症、憩室病和IHD。此外,久坐时间与精神分裂症的风险成反比,久坐时间>6小时/天对比≤2小时/天的HR为0.26(95%CI:0.18-0.38)。

研究人员估计了与久坐时间显著相关的非传染性疾病的PAF(图2)。>6小时/天久坐时间对非传染性疾病的贡献依次是偏头痛、类风湿性关节炎、COPD、CLD、糖尿病、抑郁症、CKD、哮喘、甲状腺疾病、痛风、憩室病和IHD。这些发现表明,假设存在因果关系,如果所有参与者的久坐时间减少到每天少于6小时,理论上就不会发生3.7- 22.1%的非传染性疾病病例。

ISM检查结果如表2所示。将每天1小时的久坐时间替换为同等的任何活动,包括睡眠≤7小时/天,睡眠>7小时/天,LPA, MPA和VPA,与糖尿病和CKD有有益的联系。用等量的LPA替代每天1小时的久坐时间与糖尿病、CKD、憩室疾病和抑郁症的小幅减少相关,风险降低2%-5%。用同等的MPA替代每天1小时的久坐时间,可降低6种非传染性疾病(包括糖尿病、慢性肾病、慢性阻塞性肺病、憩室病、慢性肝病和痴呆)的风险,风险降低2%-12%。

相比之下,用同等的VPA替代每天1小时的久坐时间与6种类型的10种非传染性疾病(糖尿病、慢性肾病、慢性阻塞性肺病、憩室疾病、抑郁症、慢性肝病、IHD、肺癌、IBD和睡眠障碍)的风险较低相关,降幅相对较大,为7%-19%。

虽然用等量的体育活动替代了不同的每日久坐时间,但研究发现,用LPA、MPA和VPA替代久坐时间对几种非传染性疾病有线性影响。例如,用VPA取代每天0.5小时的久坐时间与降低10%和8%的慢性阻塞性肺病和糖尿病风险显著相关。值得注意的是,久坐取代另一种行为和久坐被另一种行为取代的影响是不对称的。用相同的久坐时间代替每天1小时的VPA与17%和12%的糖尿病和CKD风险相关。此外,在久坐时间>6小时/天的受试者中,用等效MPA替换1小时/天久坐分别与COPD和痴呆风险降低8%和21%相关,用等效VPA替换1小时/天久坐与5种非传染性疾病(糖尿病、憩室疾病、抑郁症、慢性肝病和睡眠障碍)风险降低相关,降幅较大,为11%-31%(表3)。

与≤2小时/天久坐时间相比,报告>6小时/天的参与者在45种非传染性疾病中具有更高的风险,包括缺血性心脏病,糖尿病,慢性阻塞性肺病,哮喘,慢性肾脏病,慢性肝病,甲状腺疾病,抑郁症,偏头痛,痛风,类风湿性关节炎和憩室病。从理论上讲,用等效的LPA、MPA和VPA代替久坐时间分别与4种、6种和10种非传染性疾病的风险降低有关。在久坐时间长(>6小时/天)中,用等效的VPA代替1小时/天的久坐时间与5种非传染性疾病(糖尿病、抑郁症、慢性肝病、憩室病和睡眠障碍)的相关性更强,风险降低11%-31%。

这项基于英国的大型前瞻性研究的全面分析显示,久坐时间与14种类型的非传染性疾病呈线性剂量反应关联,为久坐的有害影响提供了证据。研究发现久坐时间>6小时/天与45种非传染性疾病中12种的风险增加有关,统计学上与身体活动和睡眠无关。与LPA和MPA相比,用同等的VPA替代久坐时间可以降低更多类型非传染性疾病的风险。久坐时间的建议可能表明,久坐行为的任何减少都与在更健康的替代品上花费的时间增加相吻合,以确保积极的替代效果。需要进一步的研究来通过实验干预来调查因果关系。

 

原文来源:

Zhi Cao, et al. Associations of sedentary time and physical activity with adverse health conditions: Outcome-wide analyses using isotemporal substitution model. eClinicalMedicine 2022;48: 101424 Published online xxx https://doi.org/10.1016/j. eclinm.2022.101424.

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    2022-05-04 ms6000001757638201

    学习了

    0

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    2022-05-03 qjddjq
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    2022-05-02 病毒猎手

    #运动锻炼##慢病#的关键,#久坐#正好是相反

    0

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    2022-05-02 ms6000000675110960

    学习

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216710, encodeId=16ea1216e10a3, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=bcb46547057, createdName=ms6000001757638201, createdTime=Wed May 04 08:21:35 CST 2022, time=2022-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264084, encodeId=8fd21264084f5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=847353580bf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#慢性病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53580, encryptionId=847353580bf, topicName=慢性病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c49e75, createdName=qjddjq, createdTime=Tue May 03 07:21:26 CST 2022, time=2022-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216356, encodeId=e849121635614, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d66942366c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#运动锻炼#</a>是<a href='/topic/show?id=2f9653e459f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#慢病#</a>的关键,<a href='/topic/show?id=4acc23313eb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#久坐#</a>正好是相反, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=179, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94236, encryptionId=5d66942366c, topicName=运动锻炼), TopicDto(id=53745, encryptionId=2f9653e459f, topicName=慢病), TopicDto(id=23313, encryptionId=4acc23313eb, topicName=久坐)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Mon May 02 16:52:57 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216354, encodeId=ae87121635471, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d69a8142756, createdName=ms6000000675110960, createdTime=Mon May 02 16:45:57 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216344, encodeId=474112163444f, content=要加强锻炼了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/202401/4e06e234dc414a70b34bb04d3b72196b.jpg, createdBy=4ea72246892, createdName=12157a75m71暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon May 02 15:50:25 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-05-02 12157a75m71暂无昵称

    要加强锻炼了

    0

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