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Lancet Neurol:在癫痫监测病房心肺功能停止的发病率和机制(MORTEMUS)

2014-03-17 MedSci pubmed

背景:癫痫猝死 (SUDEP) 是慢性难治性癫痫患者死亡的首要原因。 SUDEP 很少发生在癫痫监护病房,这些病例为该病仍不明确的病理生理学提供了非常翔实的数据。 MORTEMUS 研究通过对全球各地的癫痫监护病房中发生的心跳呼吸骤停进行综合评估,扩展了这些数据。方法:在 2008 年 1 月 1 日至 2009 年 12 月 29 日期间,我们对位于欧洲、以色列、澳大利亚和新西兰的癫痫监护病房进

背景:
癫痫猝死 (SUDEP) 是慢性难治性癫痫患者死亡的首要原因。 SUDEP 很少发生在癫痫监护病房,这些病例为该病仍不明确的病理生理学提供了非常翔实的数据。 MORTEMUS 研究通过对全球各地的癫痫监护病房中发生的心跳呼吸骤停进行综合评估,扩展了这些数据。

方法:
在 2008 年 1 月 1 日至 2009 年 12 月 29 日期间,我们对位于欧洲、以色列、澳大利亚和新西兰的癫痫监护病房进行了系统性回顾性调查,以检索这些病房中记录的所有心跳呼吸骤停数据,并估计其发病率。 我们邀请来自其他地区的癫痫监护病房报告了类似的病例,从而进一步探讨其作用机制。 专家小组审查了数据,包括发生心跳呼吸骤停时所有可用的视频脑电图 (VEEG) 和心电图资料。

结果:
在 160 个病房中有 147 个 (92%) 对调查作出了回应。 共计报告了 29 例心跳呼吸骤停,其中包括 16 例 SUDEP(14 例发生在夜间),九例近 SUDEP,四例因其他原因造成的死亡。 十例 SUDEP 病例具备心肺功能数据,这些数据一致表现出此前未识别出的模式:在继发性全身强直-阵挛发作后出现呼吸急促(每分钟呼吸 18—50 次),其后 3 分钟内发生一过性或终末性心肺功能障碍。 如为一过性,该功能障碍将在癫痫发作结束 11 分钟内复发,并伴有终末性呼吸暂停,随后发生心脏骤停。 在成人癫痫监护病房中,SUDEP 发病率为每 1000 患者-年 5.1 (95% CI 2.6—9.2) 例,其风险为每 10 000 例 VEEG 监护 1.2 (0.6—2.1) 例,不够理想的监管以及抗癫痫药物停药都可能加剧发病率。

结果解读:
癫痫监护病房中的 SUDEP 主要发生在因全身强直-阵挛发作引起的、中枢介导的早期发作后导致的呼吸和心脏功能重度改变之后,可导致即刻死亡,或在短期内部分恢复心肺功能后发生终末性呼吸暂停,继而心脏骤停。 有必要改善癫痫监护病房中的监管,对于夜间尤其如此。

原始出处:
Ryvlin P1, Nashef L, Lhatoo SD, Bateman LM, Bird J, Bleasel A, Boon P, Crespel A, Dworetzky BA, Høgenhaven H, Lerche H, Maillard L, Malter MP, Marchal C, Murthy JM, Nitsche M, Pataraia E, Rabben T, Rheims S, Sadzot B, Schulze-Bonhage A, Seyal M, So EL, Spitz M, Szucs A, Tan M, Tao JX, Tomson T.Incidence and mechanisms of cardiorespiratory arrests in epilepsy monitoring units (MORTEMUS): a retrospective study.Lancet Neurol. 2013 Oct;12(10):966-77. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70214-X. 

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    2014-10-31 aids222
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    2014-10-29 howi
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    2014-09-20 yinhl1978
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