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两会声音:遗传资源管理十分必要,但遗传办管理机制应该要改!

2020-05-23 E药经理人 E药经理人

今年的声音·责任医药卫生界人大代表政协委员座谈会上,无论是此前行业调研所形成的提案建议,还是与会代表的线上讨论,遗传办审批都成为了关注的焦点。

今年的声音·责任医药卫生界人大代表政协委员座谈会上,无论是此前行业调研所形成的提案建议,还是与会代表的线上讨论,遗传办审批都成为了关注的焦点。

贝达药业、科济生物及中国药学会提交的一连三份文件都直指遗传办审批提效,而在今天声音.责任会现场,这一问题也在多位代表委员处引起激烈讨论。

“由遗传办管理我们国家的遗传资源,我举双手赞成,这绝对必要且重要,但过程需要简化。” 北京大学第一医院儿科教授丁洁在会上说到。

北京大学第一医院儿科教授丁洁

在遗传办审批这件事情上,曾经有过十多年医院副院长经历的丁洁是作为委员参与评审,但与此同时,其也作为医学科研工作者提交新药审评申请,对遗传办审批存在的问题有更辩证的认识。

“遗传办审批,我既是‘裁判员’,也是‘运动员’。作为‘裁判员’,审评过程中我确实感觉遗传办工作量太大,而作为‘运动员’,我则感觉审批过程非常繁琐,时间非常长。事实上,很多创新药研究中国跟全球同步就卡在了遗传办审批环节,中国因为遗传办审批会多花好几个月。”丁洁补充讲到。

遗传办审批过程繁琐、耗时长的原因是什么?代表委员指出了两点关键问题:遗传办审评资源有限,但审评范围又过大。

“遗传办专职的审评人员数量其实很少,但面对几千个临床项目要审评,而这些临床项目都非常复杂,时常还需要专家把关,项目审评时间就这样被延长了。“贝达药业董事长丁列明在会上说到。

而丁洁则分析说到:“每次遗传办的评审都事无巨细,既涉及科学性问题,也考察伦理问题,打个不太恰当的比方,每次审评如同一部‘长篇小说’。实际上,临床试验的科学性问题、伦理问题早在立项阶段就已经考察过了。遗传办的核心职能是对遗传资源进行管理,可以聚焦在这一点上,其他内容的申请、审批适度科学简化。”

01.非出口遗传资源备案制要落地

关于如何解决遗传办审批过程繁琐、耗时长的问题,提案及会上委员代表的发言给出了一系列改进建议。

荣昌制药董事长王威东表示,应该优化遗传办审批管理程序,不涉及遗传资源出口的可以考虑备案制,对遗传办审批流程出台文件进行明确,避免方案在不同专家手中重复修改。

荣昌制药董事长王威东

而贝达药业提交的提案中则进一步提到,遗传办虽然对不涉及外流的遗传资源已经出台了备案管理制度,但前提条件要求国际合作临床试验必须“在临床机构开展”,而临床机构(医院)往往都缺少药代动力学检测和基因测序能力,必须委托第三方开展研究,这样一来人类遗传资源材料必须得出院,审核时就不符合备案的条件,也因此建议备案制度放开对委托第三方开展药代动力学检测或应用基因测序技术的硬性限制。

该提案也同时提到,遗传办审查存在修改意见和反馈不及时、不透明、不明确,让申请人无所适从的问题,信息咨询服务方面没有提供实用的沟通渠道,无法及时获取有效信息,相关流程需要优化改进。

02.遗传资源“一刀切“管理要改

除去遗传办审批过程繁琐、耗时长的问题,遗传办对于合资企业“一刀切”叫停项目的管理方式,也使得一些本土合资性质的创新药企在遗传资源审批上遭遇到了困难,一些创新药项目也因此中止。

丁列明表示,在新出台的《外商投资法》框架下,外资企业和合资企业涉及到遗传资源的项目都需要审批,但实际上这些企业中有不少是海归、留学生回国创业的企业,应该优化相关管理,将重点放在管控遗传资源外流上,管到关键点上。

“我们企业最近碰到比较大的挑战在于遗传资源管理。过去我们是内资企业,但近期公司在筹划分拆上市,可能引入境外资本,由此变为了合资企业,由此在遗传资源审批上遭遇了前所未有的困难和挑战,很多项目都被迫中止。遗传办的政策本意是管住遗传资源的外流,而我们尽管变为合资公司,但实控人仍然在国内,建议更清晰界定公司的权属性质,按照外资参股比例细分合资企业,不要因为引入外资就过度监管。”王威东也在会中说到。

王威东同时提到,目前遗传资源审批也存在一些基本概念理解上的问题,例如目前的项目一旦涉及到“探索性”三个字马上就会亮起红灯,有矫枉过正的倾向。

而科济生物提交的提案中也建议,给予临床试验进行“探索性生物样本采集和检测”合理的空间,允许新药研发在符合伦理原则和科学设计的原则上,进行适当的探索性检测,以期获得宝贵的科学数据,为后续新药开发、优化产品等提供科学基础,建议遗传办秉着科学审评的原则,支持中国新药创制。

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    2020-09-01 14818eb4m67暂无昵称

    学习

    0

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    2020-05-24 肿肿

    机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要

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