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疾控专家:常态化疫情防控阶段 保持良好卫生习惯就是理想的防护

2020-07-04 张燕玲 中国新闻网

随着新冠肺炎疫情进入常态化疫情防控阶段,日常生活中需要什么程度的防护?口罩戴还是不戴?都是民众关心的问题。

随着新冠肺炎疫情进入常态化疫情防控阶段,日常生活中需要什么程度的防护?口罩戴还是不戴?都是民众关心的问题。2日,重庆市卫生健康委邀请国家卫健委新冠肺炎防控督察组专家、重庆市新冠肺炎救治专家顾问组副组长黄文祥就《重庆市民健康公约》个人防护部分进行解读。

“勤洗手、清洁通风、戴口罩、保持社交距离这些卫生习惯,既是预防新型冠状病毒感染最有效的方法,同时也是预防常见呼吸道传染病和消化道传染病的通用方法。”黄文祥表示,许多常见传染病,如感染性腹泻(痢疾、阿米巴、伤寒、诺如病毒)、急性呼吸道传染病、肠道寄生虫病、皮肤感染、沙眼等疾病都能经手传播。而洗手可以将腹泻致死率减半、急性呼吸道感染致死率减少三分之一。

“我们说的洗手不是只用自来水简单冲一下,而是要使用肥皂、香皂、洗手液等清洁用品,同时洗手时间不少于20秒。”黄文祥说,吃东西前、上厕所后、接触钱币和公共物件后、外出回家等情况,都应该要洗手。

黄文祥特别提到,抗菌湿巾擦手代替不了用流水清洗,“湿纸巾再怎么反复擦手也无法清除皮肤表面的细菌,而‘免洗洗手液’等产品则含有化学物质。所以有条件的情况下,以流水洗手最佳。”

“戴口罩对于新冠肺炎、流感、麻疹、肺结核等呼吸道传染病具有预防作用,既保护自己,又有益于公众健康。”黄文祥表示,处于人员密集场所,如办公、购物、餐厅、会议室、车间,或乘坐厢式电梯、公共交通工具等,都应戴口罩。在中、低风险地区,建议应随身备用一次性医用口罩或医用外科口罩,在与其他人近距离接触(小于等于1米)时戴口罩。在高风险地区,建议戴一次性医用口罩。

“其实越好的口罩佩戴的时间越短,而不是现在大家认为的越长。因为好口罩的过滤性很强,所以佩戴时间应该缩短。”黄文祥说,口罩在弄湿或弄脏后,就需要及时更换。即使没有弄脏,一次性口罩累计使用4至6小时后需要更换新口罩。

黄文祥表示,常态化疫情防控阶段,个人防护还应注意清洁通风,保持居室清洁,养成良好的个人卫生习惯,保持社交距离,避免聚集。

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    2020-07-05 吴教授

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    2020-07-04 ms3000001780497766

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