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Sci Rep:研究:红酒帮助大脑“保洁”,可清除阿尔兹海默相关毒素

2018-02-12 佚名 DeepTech深科技

你可能习惯了在忙碌的一天之后,小酌一两杯红酒,整理思绪万千。目前,一项新研究显示,红酒的功效不止于此,事实上,它还能帮助大脑“保洁”。

你可能习惯了在忙碌的一天之后,小酌一两杯红酒,整理思绪万千。目前,一项新研究显示,红酒的功效不止于此,事实上,它还能帮助大脑“保洁”。

这篇刊登于《科技报告》(Scientific Reports)杂志的新研究表明:少量饮酒不仅能够抑制体内炎症,还能帮助大脑清除毒素。这些毒素中,一部分与阿尔茨海默病有关。

本次研究的主要负责人、罗切斯特大学医学中心(URMC)转化神经医学中心的联合负责人麦肯·内德嘉(Maiken Nedergaard)称:“长期摄入过量的乙醇的确会对中枢神经系统产生不良影响。但这项研究也首次显示少量酒精对大脑健康存在潜在益处,也就是说,少量酒精可提高大脑清除废物的能力。”

此项研究对当前日益增多的研究进行了补充,进一步证明了少量饮酒对大脑有益。尽管过量饮酒危害健康这一点无需置疑,但也有许多研究认为少量饮酒会减少心血管疾病及许多癌症的发病风险。

内德嘉的研究重点在于脑部类淋巴系统。早在 2012 年,内德嘉及其同事就首次对这种大脑独特的清洗过程进行了描述。当时,他们展示了脑脊液(CSF)是如何被泵入脑组织并冲走废物的。这些被冲走的废物包括与阿尔茨海默病等痴呆相关的β淀粉样蛋白和 tau 蛋白。其后续研究表明,脑部类淋巴系统有以下三个特征:1. 睡眠时更加活跃;2. 可因中风和创伤而损伤;3. 运动能够改善。

这项在小鼠身上进行的新研究着眼于急性和慢性酒精暴露的影响。当对长时间暴露于高浓度酒精的动物大脑进行研究时,特别是充当淋巴系统的关键调节剂的星形胶质细胞中,研究人员观察到大量炎症分子标志物。不仅如此,他们还注意到这些动物存在认知能力和运动技能的损伤。

与没有暴露于酒精的对照小鼠相比,实际上,少量摄入酒精(类似于每天大约 2?杯)的动物大脑中炎症更少,其淋巴系统输送 CSF、除去大脑毒素的效果也更好。,而在认知和运动测试中,两组小鼠的表现相同。

“酒精对脑部类淋巴系统的影响数据图像与酒精对一般健康和死亡率的剂量效应 J 形模型相似,也就是说,低剂量的酒精是有益的,但过度饮酒则不利于人体健康。”内德嘉说,“研究表明,摄入少量或中等酒精与患者痴呆发病风险降低有关,但长期饮酒则会增加认知衰退的风险。这项研究可能有助于解释这种现象发生的原因。具体来说就是低剂量的酒精似乎有益于人体大脑健康。”

原始出处:

Iben Lundgaard, Wei Wang, Allison Eberhardt, et al. Beneficial effects of low alcohol exposure, but adverse effects of high alcohol intake on glymphatic function. Scientific Reports 8, 2246, 2018.

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    2018-02-21 虈亣靌

    了解一下.谢谢分享!

    0

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    2018-02-13 衣带渐宽

    学习

    0

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    2018-02-13 衣带渐宽

    学习

    0

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