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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A:甲基化“印记”可作为癌症诊疗、预后的重要指标

2017-06-29 Flora 生物探索

6月26日,《PNAS》期刊在线发表一篇题为“DNA methylation markers for diagnosis and prognosis of common cancers”的文章,揭示DNA甲基化可以作为常见癌症的诊断和预后的重要标记物。

6月26日,《PNAS》期刊在线发表一篇题为“DNA methylation markers for diagnosis and prognosis of common cancers”的文章,揭示DNA甲基化可以作为常见癌症的诊断和预后的重要标记物。

来自于加州大学圣地亚哥分校医学院、中山大学肿瘤防治中心、西京医院等研究机构的科研团队发现,DNA甲基化至少可以为4种常见癌症提供有效的分子标记,不仅仅可以准确诊断肿瘤组织,还可以作为预后的重要指标。

DNA甲基化是指在DNA甲基化转移酶(Dnmt)的作用下将甲基(—CH3)选择性地添加至DNA上的过程,是一种基本的表观遗传学修饰。在不改变DNA序列的前提下控制基因的表达,在多个生物学过程中发挥重要作用,包括癌症的发生和发展。

“选择合适的治疗方案、争取最大的康复和生存几率,很大程度上依赖于精准确定癌症类型或亚型。”加州大学圣地亚哥分校基因组医学研究所创始主任Kang Zhang博士表示,“微创活检与DNA甲基化检测结合将会给癌症精准医学带来重要影响。以DNA甲基化为分子标签有望为癌症诊疗、预后提供更为精准的指标。”

研究团队在3种不同的数据库中分析4种常见癌症(肺癌乳腺癌结肠癌和肝癌)与正常人的DNA甲基化信息差异,并进行3组列队分析。他们发现,DNA甲基化检测能够检测癌症,且准确率达到95%。此外,甲基化检测还能够准确识别97%大肠癌肝转移和94%的大肠癌肺转移病例。

“由于10%的癌症属于转移性病变或者来源不明,所以癌组织的来源鉴定是选择有效治疗手段的关键。借助DNA甲基化检测,有望解决10%的未知,确定肿瘤来源。”文章作者、加州大学圣地亚哥分校药理学教授Michael Karin解释。

研究人员认为,DNA甲基化可以通过更准确的诊断改善预后,特别是相对惰性或者侵袭性肿瘤。虽然这一研究只选取了4种常见癌症,但是他们认为,DNA甲基化检测可以应用于更多不同种类的癌症诊疗中。它的最大优势在于只需要少量的组织获得足够的DNA就可以完成检测。

原始出处:
Hao, X., et al. DNA methylation markers for diagnosis and prognosis of common cancers.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Jun 26. pii: 201703577. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1703577114. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2017-09-23 liye789132251
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    2017-12-27 linlin2312
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    2018-02-19 lishizhe
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    2017-07-01 sunylz
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    2017-06-29 忠诚向上

    好好的学习一下

    0

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