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Curr Biol:Ras→BRAF→MEK→ERK细胞信号有助于对黑色素瘤的治疗

2012-05-19 Beyond 生物谷

2012年5月3日,人体会不断产生新的细胞来取代死去的细胞,但这一过程并非十全十美。细胞间需要沟通或示意对方来决定何时生成新的细胞。细胞内的通信或信号错误通常导致细胞生长失控,这哟过程是许多癌症发生的基础。 得克萨斯大学休斯敦(UTHealth)医学院健康科学中心科学家们发现了能对抗黑色素瘤皮肤癌和其他某些肿瘤快速蔓延的有关的细胞信号。 科学家报告说,他们已经发现为什么一类称为BRAF抑制剂被

2012年5月3日,人体会不断产生新的细胞来取代死去的细胞,但这一过程并非十全十美。细胞间需要沟通或示意对方来决定何时生成新的细胞。细胞内的通信或信号错误通常导致细胞生长失控,这哟过程是许多癌症发生的基础。

得克萨斯大学休斯敦(UTHealth)医学院健康科学中心科学家们发现了能对抗黑色素瘤皮肤癌和其他某些肿瘤快速蔓延的有关的细胞信号。

科学家报告说,他们已经发现为什么一类称为BRAF抑制剂被广泛用于治疗黑色素瘤的药物并不总是发挥作用,最重要的是明确了这些药物是如何加速某些病人的癌症增长的。科学家们的研究结果发表在Cell Press出版的Current Biology杂志上。

John Hancock博士说:此研究可能有助于更有效的发展抗癌药物,并更好地了解新的药物组合的选择。

生长信号从细胞表面传输到细胞核,形成了一个信号通路。细胞分裂产生新细胞的命令是由四个蛋白质链(Ras→BRAF→MEK→ERK)执行的。所有的细胞都有这个途径,大部分时间内并事能有效工作产生新的细胞。

当链中的两种蛋白质之一发生了突变时问题产生了,好消息是医生有阻断BRAF的蛋白质药物。这就是BRAF抑制剂,能成功治疗BRAF蛋白突变的黑色素瘤。

那么不好的消息是,医生不能阻止第一蛋白的Ras信号。因此,研究人员研究了当运用BRAF抑制剂时,体内发生了什么变化。

令人惊讶的是,BRAF抑制剂不阻止黑色素瘤细胞的ras基因突变。事实上,药物提高了异常信号活动。研究的主要作者说,我们现在的工作介绍了这个看似矛盾的增强信号活动的机制。

从病人身上分离出的最恶性黑色素瘤有一个BRAF或ras基因突变,但很少有两个。 ras基因突变导致其他正常的BRAF蛋白接通联系起来。

我们的研究还强调使用BRAF抑制剂前,黑色素瘤基因检测的重要性。 Cho说,我们的研究可能还有助于设计出更好的药物。

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.03.067
PMC:
PMID:

Raf Inhibitors Target Ras Spatiotemporal Dynamics

Kwang-jin Cho, Rinshi S. Kasai, Jin-Hee Park, Sravanthi Chigurupati, Sonja J. Heidorn, Dharini van der Hoeven, Sarah J. Plowman, Akihiro Kusumi, Richard Marais, John F. Hancock

Background

The lateral segregation of Ras proteins into transient plasma membrane nanoclusters is essential for high-fidelity signal transmission by the Ras mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. In this spatially constrained signaling system, the dynamics of Ras nanocluster assembly and disassembly control MAPK signal output.

Results

We show here that BRaf inhibitors paradoxically activate CRaf and MAPK signaling in Ras transformed cells by profoundly dysregulating Ras nanocluster dynamics. Specifically, BRaf inhibitors selectively enhance the plasma membrane nanoclustering of oncogenic K-Ras and N-Ras but have no effect on H-Ras nanoclustering. Raf inhibitors are known to drive the formation of stable BRaf-CRaf and CRaf-CRaf dimers. Our results demonstrate that the presence of two Ras-binding domains in a single Raf dimer is sufficient and required to increase Ras nanoclustering, indicating that Raf dimers promote K- and N-Ras nanocluster formation by crosslinking constituent Ras proteins. Ras crosslinking increases the fraction of K-Ras and N-Ras in their cognate nanoclusters, leading to an increase in MAPK output from the plasma membrane. Intriguingly, increased MAPK signaling in BRaf inhibited cells is accompanied by significantly decreased Akt activation. We show that this signal pathway crosstalk results from a novel mechanism of competition between stabilized Raf dimers and p110α for recruitment to Ras nanoclusters.

Conclusions

Our findings reveal that BRaf inhibitors disrupt Ras nanocluster dynamics with significant, yet divergent, consequences for MAPK and PI3K signaling.

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    2012-10-07 chenlianhui
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    2012-08-07 naiwu77
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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1752081, encodeId=dd1d1e52081a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=735669505d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ERK#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6950, encryptionId=735669505d, topicName=ERK)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5e8a36466835, createdName=chenlianhui, createdTime=Sun Oct 07 21:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1943871, encodeId=ef0019438e18b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2af1152597' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MEK#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11525, encryptionId=d2af1152597, topicName=MEK)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5b0e350, createdName=naiwu77, createdTime=Tue Aug 07 20:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1766778, encodeId=15731e66778f5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=64f5343e2f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Biol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3437, encryptionId=64f5343e2f, topicName=Biol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=446937890434, createdName=12498ebem31暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Jun 21 20:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1916885, encodeId=d165191688569, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Jun 28 09:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680198, encodeId=3a16168019899, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 03:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1354938, encodeId=846613549389e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6de63659ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRAF#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3659, encryptionId=6de63659ed, topicName=BRAF)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Mon May 21 14:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558618, encodeId=9bcb155861821, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Mon May 21 14:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564627, encodeId=19ff156462e0e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Mon May 21 14:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-06-28 sunylz
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1752081, encodeId=dd1d1e52081a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=735669505d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ERK#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6950, encryptionId=735669505d, topicName=ERK)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5e8a36466835, createdName=chenlianhui, createdTime=Sun Oct 07 21:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1943871, encodeId=ef0019438e18b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2af1152597' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MEK#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11525, encryptionId=d2af1152597, topicName=MEK)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5b0e350, createdName=naiwu77, createdTime=Tue Aug 07 20:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1766778, encodeId=15731e66778f5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=64f5343e2f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Biol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3437, encryptionId=64f5343e2f, topicName=Biol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=446937890434, createdName=12498ebem31暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Jun 21 20:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1916885, encodeId=d165191688569, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Jun 28 09:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680198, encodeId=3a16168019899, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 03:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1354938, encodeId=846613549389e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6de63659ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRAF#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3659, encryptionId=6de63659ed, topicName=BRAF)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Mon May 21 14:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558618, encodeId=9bcb155861821, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Mon May 21 14:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564627, encodeId=19ff156462e0e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Mon May 21 14:14:00 CST 2012, time=2012-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-08-30 sunylz
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    2012-05-21 zhaojie88
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