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Neurology:帕金森患者,体位性低血压和脑萎缩相关

2021-06-22 Freeman MedSci原创

帕金森患者,体位性低血压和脑萎缩相关

直立性低血压(OH),定义为站立3分钟内血压(BP)下降20/10 mmHg(收缩压/舒张压),以及仰卧高血压(SH),定义为仰卧BP140/90 mmHg,坐位BP正常,是血管功能障碍的血液动力学表现,通常与路易体疾病有关。据估计,30%的帕金森病(PD)患者和30-70%的路易体痴呆(DLB)患者受到OH的影响,大约40-70%的OH病例合并有SH。

多项研究记录了OH与认知障碍之间的关联,表明共同的致病机制可能参与了认知和自主神经功能障碍,或者脑部低灌注和高灌注的反复发作可能对路易体障碍患者的认知功能产生负面影响。这些假设得到了小型影像学研究的支持,这些研究显示了脑岛和胆碱能通路的区域性脑萎缩,以及血流动力学功能障碍可能导致短暂的认知障碍或由白质增生(WMH)反映的慢性脑血管损害的假设。

藉此,意大利University of Brescia的Andrea Pilotto,等人,利用一个大型的多中心影像和临床数据库,探究了OH和SH与全局性和区域性脑萎缩以及WMH的关系。

他们从美国、加拿大、意大利和日本的八个三级转诊中心评估的PD和DLB患者中提取了仰卧位和正位血压以及结构性磁共振成像数据。OH被定义为从仰卧位站立3分钟内收缩压/舒张压下降≥20/10 mm/Hg(严重,≥30/15 mm/Hg),SH为血压≥140/90 mmHg且坐位血压正常。使用有效的半定量评分表评估诊断、年龄、性别和病程调整后的全脑和区域性脑萎缩以及WMH的差异。

共有384名患者(310名PD患者,74名DLB患者)符合资格标准,其中44.3%(n=170)有OH,包括24.7%(n=42)的严重OH,以及41.7%(n=71)的SH。

OH与全脑萎缩(p=0.004)和涉及前颞部(p=0.001)和中颞部(p=0.001)的区域萎缩有关,严重的OH与非严重的OH相比,区域萎缩更大(p=0.001)。

有和没有OH的人的WMH负担相似(p=0.49)。SH与脑萎缩(P=0.59)或WMH(P=0.72)没有关系。

这个研究的重要意义在于发现,OH而不是SH,与路易体疾病的脑萎缩有关,主要是颞区受累。OH和SH都与WMH不相关。

原文出处:
Association of Orthostatic Hypotension With Cerebral Atrophy in Patients With Lewy Body Disorders
Andrea Pilotto, Alberto Romagnolo, Andrea Scalvini, Mario Masellis, et al.
Neurology Jun 2021, 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012342; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012342

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    2021-06-22 146e13a2m23暂无昵称

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