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到底是洗冷水澡好,还是洗热水澡好呢?

2017-06-04 杜焱恭 中国生物技术网

事实上,科学家们也发现了越来越多洗冷水澡的好处,包括促进免疫系统功能,缓解情绪紧张等。但是专家说,洗热水澡或冷水澡都不是最好的,最好的方式是冷热交替。

维多利亚时代的人们非常相信冷水澡的好处,认为它能够治疗瘀伤,甚至是消除歇斯底里的癔病。

他们这么认为似乎是有道理的,越来越多的运动员使用冷水澡来缓解肌肉疼痛。在上周,64岁的喜剧演员Ruby Wax爆料说她每天洗冷水澡,以此来保持年轻的容颜,消除皱纹。

事实上,科学家们也发现了越来越多洗冷水澡的好处,包括促进免疫系统功能,缓解情绪紧张等。

但是专家说,洗热水澡或冷水澡都不是最好的,最好的方式是冷热交替。冷热交替法洗澡要持续20分钟左右,首先用热水洗三、四分钟,再突然用转换为一分钟冷水浴,如此循环 。洗几分钟的热水澡能够使皮肤和肌肉中的血管扩张,促进富氧血液的流动,而再用凉水洗一分钟能够使血管立刻收缩,减少血液流动。

在这20分钟内能够产生一种“脉动”机制,使更多的富氧血液能够流入皮肤附近的肌肉和组织,而更多的脱氧血液会通过静脉回流到肺部去收集更多的氧气。

这个过程会带来很多好处,比如,帮助减少运动之后的肌肉疼痛。在剧烈运动期间,富氧血液无法到达肌肉去满足氧气的消耗量。因此,肌肉会释放出一种名为乳酸的物质,引起疼痛感觉,并且在运动之后也需要一段时间才能恢复。

然而,冷热交替法能够帮助除去肌肉中的乳酸并加快恢复速度。同时,阿姆斯特丹学术医疗中心去年发表的一项研究发现,每天采用冷热交替法洗澡能够减少几乎30%的病假缺勤率。

研究人员对3000名18至65岁之间的男性和女性进行了研究,这些受测者们被要求在早上洗澡的时候换用冷水淋浴90秒。该结果发表在《PLOS ONE》上,结果表明,在接下来的几个月中,请病假的数量明显减少了。

科学家们认为,从热水转到冷水的切换能够促进很多对抗疾病的免疫系统细胞,比如单核细胞(白血球)。

但是这种方法是否会使容颜保持年轻仍然有待商榷。英国皮肤科医师协会坚称,并没有研究确定这种方法能够防止皮肤衰老。

然而,伦敦Hale诊所负责皮肤护理的运动学专家Georgios Tzenichristos说,冷热水交替法能够增加皮肤表面附近毛细血管中的血流,而这些血液提供的营养能够使皮肤维持弹性和紧致。

他说:“冷热水交替法能够改善循环,而循环不良会带来皮肤衰老的问题。更好的循环能够改善纤维母细胞功能,而这种细胞能够产生胶原蛋白,而这恰恰是皮肤中的主要的结构蛋白质。”

目前还不明确这些益处是短期的还是长期的。Tzenichristos先生建议每天采用冷热水交替法洗澡。他补充说:“但是如果只要防止面部衰老的话,没有必要全身洗澡。”

即使这并不能使你皮肤光滑,但也能够使你开心了。美国弗吉尼亚联邦大学的研究人员招募了没有精神健康问题的志愿者们参加研究,要他们先洗热水澡,之后将水温降低至20摄氏度并持续2到3分钟。

坚持了几周之后,他们的情绪得到改善。该研究结果于2008年发表在《Medical Hypotheses》上,研究人员相信这种方法对于抑郁的人会有帮助。

接触寒冷环境(比如皮肤接触冷水)能够增加大脑中化学信使去甲肾上腺素的水平,过低的去甲肾上腺素与抑郁相关。此外,皮肤中的冷感受器含量高意味着突然的冷水刺激能够引起到达大脑的电脉冲,而这也有抗抑郁的作用。

但是那些没有下决心洗冷水澡的人也不要灰心,洗热水澡也是有好处的。

英国拉夫堡大学招募了14名男性参与研究(详情请阅读:泡热水澡竟然与运动的好处类似),他们发现,在40摄氏度的热水中泡一个小时澡能够燃烧140卡路里的热量,这相当于走半个小时路的消耗量,而且洗热水澡还能起到控制血糖的作用。

研究人员说,热水澡能够提升帮助调节血糖的蛋白质的含量,这种“被动加热”的方法是一些代谢疾病的潜在疗法 ,比如II型糖尿病

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1998356, encodeId=8ad01998356ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=93176e210cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#热水澡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67210, encryptionId=93176e210cd, topicName=热水澡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1ce4238, createdName=dangious, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 05:53:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=208911, encodeId=7655208911d6, content=认真学习,把间接经验应用到临床实践中去,然后再总结出新思路。给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Sat Jun 10 08:24:19 CST 2017, time=2017-06-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=207258, encodeId=c1e420e25868, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Jun 06 09:47:44 CST 2017, time=2017-06-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=206627, encodeId=8a7f20662ed0, content=洗个澡这么有讲究啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K1rd14X5tKCSsG6BPqVL4VFZWBdmJzIOjrIZibsKzOCTKMq4Scmq41bXoqUwuicux0tksjqpUiath2O/0, createdBy=a4952044518, createdName=muzinanzi, createdTime=Mon Jun 05 00:13:07 CST 2017, time=2017-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=206593, encodeId=f30c2065934e, content=文章不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfU79IXHF4h2OoaZH3uj2wL4pcgUhydBZZia8qyXR1GZtkoPsibWjfVtnkvy4xksibpNs89oxOtFiaVj2DRXl6eUEoR/0, createdBy=d9002069981, createdName=1351efe3b9m, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 22:47:52 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=206535, encodeId=0ac220653534, content=学习了,文章很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib1zM3mR7cao779nVZm7n9zPrapHfTOvapE4D9nHS9V25cb1LG1vIDfCaJmIibRKgAgn1Cj5QD21XBGMkSs7TE9lq/0, createdBy=5ae02054239, createdName=1771ec788em, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 20:15:48 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-10 ylzr123

    认真学习,把间接经验应用到临床实践中去,然后再总结出新思路。给点赞啦

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    2017-06-06 ylzr123

    不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1998356, encodeId=8ad01998356ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=93176e210cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#热水澡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67210, encryptionId=93176e210cd, topicName=热水澡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1ce4238, createdName=dangious, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 05:53:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=208911, encodeId=7655208911d6, content=认真学习,把间接经验应用到临床实践中去,然后再总结出新思路。给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Sat Jun 10 08:24:19 CST 2017, time=2017-06-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=207258, encodeId=c1e420e25868, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Jun 06 09:47:44 CST 2017, time=2017-06-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=206627, encodeId=8a7f20662ed0, content=洗个澡这么有讲究啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K1rd14X5tKCSsG6BPqVL4VFZWBdmJzIOjrIZibsKzOCTKMq4Scmq41bXoqUwuicux0tksjqpUiath2O/0, createdBy=a4952044518, createdName=muzinanzi, createdTime=Mon Jun 05 00:13:07 CST 2017, time=2017-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=206593, encodeId=f30c2065934e, content=文章不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfU79IXHF4h2OoaZH3uj2wL4pcgUhydBZZia8qyXR1GZtkoPsibWjfVtnkvy4xksibpNs89oxOtFiaVj2DRXl6eUEoR/0, createdBy=d9002069981, createdName=1351efe3b9m, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 22:47:52 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=206535, encodeId=0ac220653534, content=学习了,文章很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib1zM3mR7cao779nVZm7n9zPrapHfTOvapE4D9nHS9V25cb1LG1vIDfCaJmIibRKgAgn1Cj5QD21XBGMkSs7TE9lq/0, createdBy=5ae02054239, createdName=1771ec788em, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 20:15:48 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-05 muzinanzi

    洗个澡这么有讲究啊

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1998356, encodeId=8ad01998356ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=93176e210cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#热水澡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67210, encryptionId=93176e210cd, topicName=热水澡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1ce4238, createdName=dangious, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 05:53:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=208911, encodeId=7655208911d6, content=认真学习,把间接经验应用到临床实践中去,然后再总结出新思路。给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Sat Jun 10 08:24:19 CST 2017, time=2017-06-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=207258, encodeId=c1e420e25868, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Jun 06 09:47:44 CST 2017, time=2017-06-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=206627, encodeId=8a7f20662ed0, content=洗个澡这么有讲究啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K1rd14X5tKCSsG6BPqVL4VFZWBdmJzIOjrIZibsKzOCTKMq4Scmq41bXoqUwuicux0tksjqpUiath2O/0, createdBy=a4952044518, createdName=muzinanzi, createdTime=Mon Jun 05 00:13:07 CST 2017, time=2017-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=206593, encodeId=f30c2065934e, content=文章不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfU79IXHF4h2OoaZH3uj2wL4pcgUhydBZZia8qyXR1GZtkoPsibWjfVtnkvy4xksibpNs89oxOtFiaVj2DRXl6eUEoR/0, createdBy=d9002069981, createdName=1351efe3b9m, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 22:47:52 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=206535, encodeId=0ac220653534, content=学习了,文章很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib1zM3mR7cao779nVZm7n9zPrapHfTOvapE4D9nHS9V25cb1LG1vIDfCaJmIibRKgAgn1Cj5QD21XBGMkSs7TE9lq/0, createdBy=5ae02054239, createdName=1771ec788em, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 20:15:48 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-04 1351efe3b9m

    文章不错

    0

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    2017-06-04 1771ec788em

    学习了,文章很好

    0

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