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Antioxidants :GLP1-RA、SGLT-2i及其联合治疗12个月对2型糖尿病患者氧化和抗氧化生物标志物的影响

2021-11-02 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

2型糖尿病的发病率在全球范围内迅速上升,导致动脉粥样硬化心血管并发症增加,导致糖尿病患者心血管发病率和死亡率高于普通人群。

  2型糖尿病的发病率在全球范围内迅速上升,导致动脉粥样硬化心血管并发症增加,导致糖尿病患者心血管发病率和死亡率高于普通人群。氧化应激通过增强动脉粥样硬化过程显著地增加了糖尿病心血管的有害影响。由于持续高血糖,有6种不同的代谢途径可促进糖尿病中活性氧(ROS)的产生,即:(1)烯醇化和α-酮醛形成,(2)PKC活化,(3)二羰基形成和糖基化,(4)山梨糖醇代谢,(5)己糖胺代谢增加氧化和(6)组织损伤,包括β胰岛细胞。两种新型的抗糖尿病药物,钠-葡萄糖协同转运体-2抑制剂(SGLT-2i)和胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂(GLP1-RA)已经被批准用于心血管风险较高的糖尿病患者,因此它们被推荐作为高危患者的一线治疗药物。这些药物以不同的方式发挥对心血管有益的作用。GLP1-RA具有抗动脉粥样硬化和抗炎的作用,而SGLT-2i主要作用于血管血流动力学,但它们都具有降低氧化应激负担和增强抗氧化能力的作用。目前认为氧化应激和抗氧化之间的不平衡与2型糖尿病患者动脉粥样硬化的过程有关。因此我们研究胰岛素、GLP1-RA、SGLT-2i及其联合应用对氧化和抗氧化生物标志物水平的影响。

方法:我们共招募了160例2型糖尿病患者,分别接受胰岛素(n= 40)、利拉鲁肽(n= 40)、恩格列净 (n= 40)或它们的联合治疗(GLP-1RA+SGLT-2i) (n= 40)。他们具有高或非常高的心血管风险。CV风险高的患者为T2DM患者,计算得分≥5%和<10%,而CV风险非常高的患者为T2DM合并靶器官损害或具有吸烟、高脂血症或高血压控制不佳等主要危险因素(计算得分≥10%)的患者。患者被随机分配到以下方案之一:(1)基础胰岛素,剂量范围为10 IU至50 IU,剂量根据当时的目前指南制定(45名参与者),(2) 皮下注射GLP1-RA利拉鲁肽1.8 mg,每日1次,每周剂量递增(45名参与者),(3) 每日口服一次SGLT2i 恩格列净25 mg(45名参与者),(4)或利拉鲁肽+ 恩格列净作为二甲双胍的二线治疗。参与者严格随访12个月,并分别在首次入组后第4天和第12天在门诊进行了重新评估。我们分别在基线、治疗4个月和12个月时测量:(a)硫代巴比妥酸反应物(TBARS),(b)丙二醛(MDA),(c)还原能力(RP), (d) 2,2¢-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)和(e)总抗氧化能力(TAC)。

结果:与其他组相比,联合治疗使4个月时的TBARS、MDA和ABTS显著改善(所有比较均p< 0.05)。12个月时,所有参与者TBARS、MDA和ABTS均有所改善(p< 0.05)。在12个月时,与胰岛素或SGLT2i(- 0.5%和3.22%)相比,GLP1RA和GLP-1RA+SGLT2-i的TBARS降低幅度更大(- 8.76%和- 9.83%),(p< 0.05)。与胰岛素或SGLT2i(4.72%和- 3.74%)相比,GLP1-RA和GLP-1RA+SGLT-2iMDA降低幅度更大(- 30.15%和- 31.44%)(p< 0.05)。与胰岛素或GLP1-RA相比,SGLT2i和GLP-1RA+SGLT2-i的ABTS增加(12.87%和14.13%)(p< 0.05)。只有联合治疗组治疗12个月后TAC较其他组升高(p< 0.05)。GLP1-RA和SGLT2i治疗12个月后,分别导致氧化修饰的生物标志物减少和抗氧化生物标志物增加。

表1 氧化应激和抗氧化生物标志物循环水平的变化。

图 在4个月和12个月时,(a)硫代巴比妥酸反应物(TBARS),(b)丙二醛(MDA),(c) 2,2¢-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)较基线的百分比变化(∆)。数据以均值±SD表示。*p<0.001;**p<0.01;*p<0.05。

表2 血糖控制与氧化应激指标变化的相关性。数据以百分比表示。∆ABTS: 2,2¢-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐百分比变化;∆Glu:空腹血糖百分比变化;∆HbA1C:糖化血红蛋白百分比变化;∆TBARS:硫代巴比妥酸反应物百分比变化;N / A:不适用。

结论:GLP-1RA、SGLT-2i和它们的联合治疗分别显著改善了血清中抗氧化生物标志物的水平以及氧化修饰的有害影响产物。这些改善在联合用药组中更为突出,表明这两种药物具有协同和相加作用。因此,在氧化应激和抗氧化能力的生物标志物变化方面,GLP1-RA+SGLT2i联合治疗优于单药治疗,且有益效果可以较早的出现。

原文出处:

Lambadiari V,  Thymis J,  Kouretas D, et al.Effects of a 12-Month Treatment with Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors, and Their Combination on Oxidant and Antioxidant Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Antioxidants (Basel) 2021 Aug 28;10(9)

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    2022-09-29 tulenzi
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    2022-06-07 屋顶瞄爱赏月

    签到学习

    0

  4. 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  5. 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    2021-11-04 ms1000000251410274

    学习了

    0

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  8. 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