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Lancet:过去30年全球204个国家/地区的吸烟率变化和相关疾病负担

2021-05-28 Nebula MedSci原创

2019年,769万人死于吸烟,你还吸烟吗

在过去的30年中,吸烟导致2亿多人死亡,吸烟造成的年度经济成本超过1万亿美元(约6.4万亿人民币)。2019年全球目前有超过10亿烟民(全球约共76亿人),而且这些数字在未来几十年内可能还会继续增加。

终结全球烟草流行是全球健康中的一项决定性挑战,要完成这一挑战,需要及时、全面地估计吸烟的流行率和可归因的疾病负担,以指导国家和全球范围内的烟草控制工作。

研究人员估计了1990年-2019年按年龄和性别划分的204个国家/地区的吸烟烟草使用率和相关疾病负担,对3625项国家代表性调查中的多个与吸烟相关的指标进行了建模。采用贝叶斯元回归模型系统地评估了36种与吸烟具有因果关系的健康结果,以估算当前和既往吸烟者的非线性剂量反应风险曲线。

吸烟人数的年化增长率

在2019年,全球共有11.40亿烟民,2019年一年共消费了7.41万亿烟草。虽然,自1990年起,15岁及以上的人们的吸烟率明显下降(男性和女性分别降低了27.5%和37.7%),但人口的增长导致吸烟者总数从1990年的9.9亿人显著增多。

吸烟所致死亡在全因死亡中的比例

在全球范围内,2019年,吸烟导致了769万例死亡和2亿残疾校正的生命年;吸烟是男性死亡的首要风险因素(占男性死亡的20.2%)。769万例吸烟导致的死亡病例中有668万是当下还在吸烟的人。

如果不进行适当的干预,在未来几十年中,每年因吸烟而导致的死亡病例和残疾校正的生命年将会持续增长。在所有区域和不同发展阶段的国家中,已经在减少吸烟的流行方面取得了实质性的进展,但是在烟草控制方面仍然存在巨大的实施差距。减少吸烟流行率的任务迫在眉睫,政府部分或可通过有力的循证医学证据,宣传吸烟的有害性,加快减少吸烟流行率的进展,为守护人民健康而不断努力。

原始出处:

GBD 2019 Tobacco Collaborators. Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet. May 27, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01169-7

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    2021-07-15 howi
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    2021-05-28 goodbing

    顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多

    0

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    2021-05-28 weizhaoyang

    积极戒烟

    0

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