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Am J Clin Nutr:低碳水和低脂肪饮食与糖尿病前期患者死亡率的相关性

2022-04-25 Nebula MedSci原创

健康的低碳水化合物饮食和低脂肪饮食评分与糖尿病前期患者较低的全因死亡率显著相关

虽然低碳水化合物和低脂肪饮食有利于短期代谢改善,但是这些饮食模式,特别是与不同食物来源和大量营养素质量的关系,与糖尿病前期患者的死亡率之间的相关性仍不清楚。

本研究旨在探索不同类型的低碳水化合物饮食 (LCD) 和低脂肪饮食 (LFD) 与糖尿病前期患者死亡率的相关性。

纳入了来自 NHANES 1999-2014 的 9793 名患有糖尿病前期的成年人。通过国家死亡指数死亡数据获得受试者2015年12月31日之前的死亡状况。根据碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质的总量与亚型及提供的能量比例来判定饮食模式的健康与否。


健康饮食评分与全因死亡率的相关性

在基线时,较高的健康低碳水化合物饮食评分与有利的血糖、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数、C-反应蛋白 (CRP) 和血脂相关;而较高的健康的低脂肪饮食评分则与较低的血糖和CRP相关(p<0.05)。在随访的72054个人·年中,共发生了1352例死亡。健康的低碳水化合物饮食评分每增加20%的全因死亡的多变量校正风险比为0.88(p=0.003),健康的低脂肪饮食评分每增加20%的全因死亡的多变量校正风险比为0.85(p<0.001),而不健康的低碳水化合物饮食评分和不健康的低脂肪饮食评分每增加20%所对应的风险比分别是1.09(p=0.08)和1.11(p=0.05)。


不同饮食成分与全因死亡风险的相关性

用高质量碳水化合物、植物性蛋白质或不饱和脂肪等热量替代3%-5%的低质量碳水化合物或饱和脂肪能量与全因死亡率降低14%-37%相关。

综上,对于糖尿病前期患者,健康的低碳水化合物饮食和低脂肪饮食评分与较低的全因死亡率显著相关,而不健康的饮食评分往往与较高的全因死亡率相关。

原始出处:

Li Lin,Shan Zhilei,Wan Zhenzhen et al. Associations of lower-carbohydrate and lower-fat diets with mortality among people with prediabetes.[J] .Am J Clin Nutr, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqac058

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    2022-05-01 ms1000000251410274

    什么是健康的低碳水

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    2022-04-25 1058421_8851

    内容详尽,学习

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    2022-04-25 ms7000001622695942

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