Baidu
map

植入性虹膜囊肿1例

2019-02-16 谢鹤 聂辅娇 孙淑铭 临床眼科杂志

患者男性,39岁,电焊工人。于2017年4月19日因“右眼视力下降伴畏光2个月”入院。患者2个月前做焊接时灼伤双眼,伤后出现双眼灼热疼痛,畏光流泪伴视物不清,当地诊所予以左氧氟沙星滴眼液抗感染治疗,未行其他处理,治疗后症状稍缓解。现双眼灼热疼痛消失,无胀痛,但右眼仍畏光明显,视力下降,来我院就诊。

病例介绍

患者男性,39岁,电焊工人。于2017年4月19日因“右眼视力下降伴畏光2个月”入院。患者2个月前做焊接时灼伤双眼,伤后出现双眼灼热疼痛,畏光流泪伴视物不清,当地诊所予以左氧氟沙星滴眼液抗感染治疗,未行其他处理,治疗后症状稍缓解。现双眼灼热疼痛消失,无胀痛,但右眼仍畏光明显,视力下降,来我院就诊。

既往: 身体健康,否认传染病及寄生虫接触史。查体: 视力: 右眼0.4,左眼0.8;眼压:右眼17 mmHg,左眼18 mmHg(1 mmHg = 0.13 kPa); 右眼睑球结膜无充血,角膜透明,前房深浅不一,房水清,鼻侧1~5点可见1囊性肿块后连虹膜表面,表面有少量色素沉着,前顶角膜内皮及周边房角,大小5 mm×7 mm,瞳孔变形。对光反射灵敏,眼底可见,视乳头边界清,视网膜平伏,黄斑区亮点欠清。左眼未见明显异常。超声生物显微镜(UBM)(图1):右眼前房中央深度为2.92 mm,房角开放,鼻侧可见中椭圆形低回声光团,边界清;眼部B型超声:眼后段未见异常。



入院完善相关检查,术前给予结膜囊冲洗、泪道冲洗、抗生滴眼液等处理,于4月21日在局麻下行“右眼虹膜囊肿无水乙醇注射术”,术中予以局部麻醉,11点位角膜缘处做切口,注入黏弹剂于囊肿周围和前房内,高倍手术显微镜下以1 ml注射器针头从角膜缘侧切口刺入囊肿基底部: 缓慢吸出囊肿内液体,见囊肿皱缩后,不改变针头位置,针筒改为含等量医用无水乙醇,注入乙醇使囊肿再次膨胀留置乙醇于囊肿内约1 min或至囊肿变白,吸出乙醇,再使用生理盐水冲洗囊腔,拨出针头,注吸出前房内的黏弹剂,恢复前房,球结膜下注射地塞米松0.5 mg,包扎术眼。

术后给予抗炎等对症治疗。现已痊愈出院,出院时复查UBM(图2):虹膜平坦,椭圆形低回声光团消失,囊壁已贴附在一起。1个月后随访患者视力无下降,角膜透明无水肿,眼压: 右眼15 mmHg,左眼175 mmHg;囊肿无复发,残留局部膜状组织。



讨论

虹膜囊肿主要为虹膜隐窝封闭液体贮积而成,病因有多种包括先天性、植入性,炎症渗出性和寄生虫性等,其中以植入性最常见。国际上常分为原发性虹膜囊肿、继发性虹膜囊肿和寄生虫虹膜囊肿3类,原发性和继发性虹膜囊肿在组织病理学上是一致的,囊壁由上皮构成,可发生角化,可伴有杯状细胞。虹膜囊肿可发生在虹膜前后面、睫状冠部及扁平部。在前面容易及早发现,在后面只有生长到一定程度顶起后部虹膜时才会被发现,较大时于瞳孔区见到虹膜后有黑色隆起,易被误诊为黑色素瘤。

虹膜囊肿形成一般分为3个阶段: (1)无症状期,(2)炎症刺激期,(3)继发青光眼期。当囊肿小时一般无症状,囊肿增大时可引起角膜水肿,视力下降,虹膜炎; 囊肿增大到一定程度可引起难以控制的青光眼,进而损害视神经,甚至导致失明。外伤植入性虹膜囊肿常发生于角膜或角膜缘穿孔伤后,角膜或结膜的上皮细胞沿着对合不良的伤口或嵌顿于伤口处的组织生长延伸至前房,在虹膜组织处增生形成囊肿。本例患者做焊接时被灼伤,考虑有铁屑溅入右眼内穿破角膜,又未行眼科手术及时处理,同时结合患者症状、眼科裂隙灯、UBM检查,考虑右眼外伤植入性虹膜囊肿(炎症刺激期)。

虹膜囊肿的治疗方法很多,包括手术切除、激光光凝、注射硬化剂、注射腐蚀性药物、放射、电解、透热等。其中以手术切除、激光光凝治疗为主。手术切除虽治疗相对彻底,复发率低,但术中及术后并发症多,其中脉络膜上腔出血是最严重的并发症,与虹膜囊肿较大、切口较大、术前高眼压有关,同时由于虹膜组织的缺失存在畏光,影响美观等等缺陷。激光光凝治疗也由于激光击射囊壁后,囊壁的化学成分及击落的色素颗粒、组织碎屑进入前房,常引致较重的虹膜炎症及眼压升高等并发症。无水乙醇注射法,由于经济、有效、安全的特点逐渐在临床上推广,如Behmuzi等用虹膜囊肿内注射无水乙醇的方法治疗99例患者,随访4个月至15年,93例1次注射后痊愈,3例注射2次痊愈,2例注射3次,有1例注射无反应。Shields CL等对16例有症状的虹膜囊肿患者进行囊肿循环酒精灌注治疗,仅1例由于远期发生白内障而导致视力下降; 没有患者发生与治疗相关的青光眼、虹膜疤痕形成、白内障等严重并发症,囊肿退化率达93%,可见无水乙醇硬化虹膜基质囊肿是安全有效的。

本例手术较传统无水乙醇注射法有两大改进: 首先术中在虹膜囊肿周围及前房注入了适量的黏弹剂,通过黏弹剂包裹囊肿,防止渗漏的无水乙醇损害眼内组织,能有效的减少术中术后并发症,同时黏弹剂可维持前房的手术空间,利于手术的简化操作; 其次,通过生理盐水冲洗囊腔,清除残留于囊腔的无水乙醇,减少无水乙醇对眼内组织的损伤,同时清除变性的囊壁增生上皮细胞,减少术后炎症反应。该手术具有微创,损伤小,操作简单,对眼球结构影响小,手术并发症少,手术时间短等优点,能给临床虹膜囊肿患者带来一种新的治疗方法。

植入性虹膜囊肿虽发生率低,一旦发生由于其易播散、易复发、预后差的特性会导致严重后果,因此预防十分重要,发生角膜或角膜缘穿孔伤后,应及时至眼科专科诊治,正确处理角膜伤口,避免上皮细胞植入前房,能有效的预防外伤植入性虹膜囊肿的发生。本例患者双眼灼伤后未及时行正确诊治,促使了疾病的发生。

原始出处:

谢鹤,聂辅娇,孙淑铭等. 植入性虹膜囊肿1例 [J].临床眼科杂志,2018,26(2):179-180.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2019087, encodeId=225c201908e83, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ff23626e3bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#植入性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62673, encryptionId=ff23626e3bd, topicName=植入性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e656479, createdName=achengzhao, createdTime=Mon Mar 25 12:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1754785, encodeId=e5e71e54785a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=efff8856504' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#虹膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88565, encryptionId=efff8856504, topicName=虹膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ab9a36785616, createdName=LSJ123, createdTime=Mon Jan 06 06:40:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1340794, encodeId=be411340e940d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74a140404de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#囊肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40404, encryptionId=74a140404de, topicName=囊肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=32a12500167, createdName=12498ca5m83暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 06:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520561, encodeId=7bad1520561d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a736264553' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#植入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62645, encryptionId=7a736264553, topicName=植入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=832411313664, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 06:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2019087, encodeId=225c201908e83, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ff23626e3bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#植入性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62673, encryptionId=ff23626e3bd, topicName=植入性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e656479, createdName=achengzhao, createdTime=Mon Mar 25 12:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1754785, encodeId=e5e71e54785a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=efff8856504' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#虹膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88565, encryptionId=efff8856504, topicName=虹膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ab9a36785616, createdName=LSJ123, createdTime=Mon Jan 06 06:40:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1340794, encodeId=be411340e940d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74a140404de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#囊肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40404, encryptionId=74a140404de, topicName=囊肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=32a12500167, createdName=12498ca5m83暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 06:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520561, encodeId=7bad1520561d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a736264553' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#植入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62645, encryptionId=7a736264553, topicName=植入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=832411313664, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 06:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-01-06 LSJ123
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2019087, encodeId=225c201908e83, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ff23626e3bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#植入性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62673, encryptionId=ff23626e3bd, topicName=植入性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e656479, createdName=achengzhao, createdTime=Mon Mar 25 12:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1754785, encodeId=e5e71e54785a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=efff8856504' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#虹膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88565, encryptionId=efff8856504, topicName=虹膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ab9a36785616, createdName=LSJ123, createdTime=Mon Jan 06 06:40:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1340794, encodeId=be411340e940d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74a140404de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#囊肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40404, encryptionId=74a140404de, topicName=囊肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=32a12500167, createdName=12498ca5m83暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 06:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520561, encodeId=7bad1520561d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a736264553' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#植入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62645, encryptionId=7a736264553, topicName=植入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=832411313664, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 06:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2019087, encodeId=225c201908e83, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ff23626e3bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#植入性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62673, encryptionId=ff23626e3bd, topicName=植入性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e656479, createdName=achengzhao, createdTime=Mon Mar 25 12:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1754785, encodeId=e5e71e54785a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=efff8856504' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#虹膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88565, encryptionId=efff8856504, topicName=虹膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ab9a36785616, createdName=LSJ123, createdTime=Mon Jan 06 06:40:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1340794, encodeId=be411340e940d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74a140404de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#囊肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40404, encryptionId=74a140404de, topicName=囊肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=32a12500167, createdName=12498ca5m83暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 06:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520561, encodeId=7bad1520561d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a736264553' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#植入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62645, encryptionId=7a736264553, topicName=植入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=832411313664, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 06:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-02-18 jiyangfei

相关资讯

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl:植入性金纳米颗粒大大提高癌症治疗有效性!

研究表明,一种含有金斑点的微小医疗器械可能会增加癌症药物的作用并减少其损害。科学家已经完成了一项研究,显示黄金增加了用于治疗肺癌细胞的药物的有效性。

Neurology:植入性循环心电检测仪明显提高隐源性卒中的房颤检出率

隐源性卒中的原因探讨一直是卒中研究的热点之一,来自剑桥大学的Paul E. Cotter等学者们利用植入性循环心电检测仪研究了隐源性卒中心房颤动的情况,发表在2013年4月23日的Neurology杂志上。该研究利用增加了心房颤动监测能力的设备 (Reveal XT)--植入性循环心电检测仪(ILR)检测隐源性卒中患者的心房颤动发生率及该类伴房颤患者的其他相关因素。结果显示:植入性循环心电检测仪明

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map