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Contraception:激素类避孕药降低维生素B12 意义不大

2012-04-25 爱唯医学网 爱唯医学网

3月28日,《避孕》(Contraception)杂志在线发表的一项针对育龄妇女的大规模研究显示,虽然在3年研究期间激素类避孕药可导致血清维生素B12水平下降,但未见其临床意义或对骨密度产生影响。 在该项纵向研究中,德克萨斯大学医学部的Abbey B. Berenson博士及Mahbubur Rahman博士招募了703例年龄16~33岁的女性。要求受试者选择3种避孕方法之一:245例选择口服避

3月28日,《避孕》(Contraception)杂志在线发表的一项针对育龄妇女的大规模研究显示,虽然在3年研究期间激素类避孕药可导致血清维生素B12水平下降,但未见其临床意义或对骨密度产生影响。

在该项纵向研究中,德克萨斯大学医学部的Abbey B. Berenson博士及Mahbubur Rahman博士招募了703例年龄16~33岁的女性。要求受试者选择3种避孕方法之一:245例选择口服避孕药(OC,0.15 mg去氧孕烯+20 μg炔雌醇21 d,安慰剂2 d,10μg炔雌醇5 d),240例选择长效醋酸甲羟孕酮避孕针(DMPA),218例选择非激素方法(53%为屏障法,33%为输卵管结扎术,10%为铜T避孕器,4%为配偶输精管结扎术)。每3个月发放1次DMPA和OC,非激素避孕者每3个月就诊1次,每次提供避孕套。在3年研究期间,每6个月测量受试者体重和身高,并应用双能X线骨密度仪和免疫分析法分别测量腰椎和股骨颈骨密度(BMD)以及血清B12水平。受试者平均年龄24岁,36%为西班牙裔,35%为非西班牙裔白人,29%为非西班牙裔黑人。

结果显示,3组受试者3年期间平均B12水平均下降,OC组和DMPA组下降幅度比非激素避孕组更明显(P<0.001)。例如,最初6个月,OC组和DMPA组B12水平分别下降97 pg/ml和 64 pg/ml,相当于基线水平的20%和13%,而非激素组下降14 pg/ml,相当于基线水平的3%。在此后的30个月,OC组B12水平未再进一步下降,但DMPA组和非激素组又分别下降22 pg/ml和17 pg/ml。校正年龄、瘦体重、使用持续时间、避孕方法、种族/族群、吸烟状况以及既往DMPA使用时间等因素后,研究者发现平均B12水平与腰椎(P=0.107)和股骨颈(P=0.877)平均BMD不存在显著相关性。极少数受试者出现B12缺乏(定义为B12水平<180 pg/ml),其中4例出现在非激素组,2例在DMPA组,9例在OC组。

研究者指出,上述结果为确认OC与血清B12水平的因果关系提供了新的证据。此外,还首次观察到DMPA使用者B12水平下降的现象。但大多数使用者B12水平仍在正常范围之内。总体上,这些发现与既往有关OC对血清B12水平影响的横断面研究和病例对照研究结果一致。

研究者推测激素类避孕药所致血清B12水平下降的可能机制之一是,OC使用者血清B12结合物水平低,导致B12水平虚低。但多项研究显示OC使用者与非使用者的平均非饱和B12结合物水平并无差异,表明B12吸收并未受影响,因而可能与体内B12再分布有关,但其机制尚不清楚。此外,DMPA导致B12水平下降的机制仍不确定。

此外,该研究显示,无论采取哪种避孕措施,B12水平与BMD均不存在关联,这与既往多项研究结果并不一致。研究者指出,除一项研究外,既往所有研究的受试者均为绝经后女性,其反应程度或许有所不同。而纳入生育期女性的唯一一项研究的受试者为坚持特殊饮食计划的欧洲青少年 (一组食用生机饮食6年,随后为素食/杂食;另一组一直坚持杂食)。此外,该项研究为横断面研究设计,包括了男性和女性受试者。研究者认为,上述诸多不同或可解释研究结果的不一致性。

该研究由Eunice Kennedy Shriver国立儿童健康与人类发育研究所和美国国立卫生研究院的基金资助。(生物谷Bioon.com)

doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2012.02.015
PMC:

PMID:

Effect of hormonal contraceptives on vitamin B12 level and the association of the latter with bone mineral density

Abbey B. Berenson, , Mahbubur Rahman

Background

The study was conducted to estimate the effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and oral contraceptives (OC) containing 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol on serum B12 and whether observed changes impact bone mineral density (BMD).

Study Design

Serum B12 and BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured on 703 women using OC, DMPA or nonhormonal (NH) birth control at baseline and every 6 months thereafter for 3 years.

Results

OC and DMPA users experienced greater decreases in B12 than NH users (p<.001). A sharp decrease in B12 was observed during the first 6 months of hormonal contraceptive use (OC: 97 pg/mL and DMPA: 64 pg/mL) in contrast to 14 pg/mL among NH users (20%, 13% and 3% of their baseline values, respectively). Over the following 30 months, B12 levels of OC users remained almost flat, while DMPA users had a further 22-unit decrease. Very few women demonstrated B12 deficiency. Moreover, B12 levels were not associated with BMD.

Conclusion

Hormonal contraception causes B12 levels to decrease, but this does not appear to be clinically significant or affect BMD.

 

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    2012-11-03 bsmagic9140
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    2012-09-12 xiaoyeshuang
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    2012-06-23 xiaoyeshuang
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    2012-08-12 shanyongle
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656506, encodeId=8d821656506d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Sat Nov 03 11:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779312, encodeId=afc01e793129c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c33118392a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACEP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1839, encryptionId=c33118392a, topicName=ACEP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6eba113, createdName=xiaoyeshuang, createdTime=Wed Sep 12 16:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1778936, encodeId=873e1e7893696, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c33118392a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACEP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1839, encryptionId=c33118392a, topicName=ACEP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6eba113, createdName=xiaoyeshuang, createdTime=Sat Jun 23 13:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655649, encodeId=9cdc1655649cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a011829d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1829, encryptionId=2a011829d7, topicName=ACE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635024767990, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 23:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1414863, encodeId=8c7f14148639e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e686e9057c7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#维生素B12#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79057, encryptionId=e686e9057c7, topicName=维生素B12)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b7303108315, createdName=bnjfx@127.com, createdTime=Fri Apr 27 02:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1508490, encodeId=bd51150849042, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b0e9055f7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#维生素B#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79055, encryptionId=68b0e9055f7, topicName=维生素B)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=17599981768, createdName=马龙, createdTime=Fri Apr 27 02:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656506, encodeId=8d821656506d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Sat Nov 03 11:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779312, encodeId=afc01e793129c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c33118392a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACEP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1839, encryptionId=c33118392a, topicName=ACEP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6eba113, createdName=xiaoyeshuang, createdTime=Wed Sep 12 16:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1778936, encodeId=873e1e7893696, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c33118392a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACEP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1839, encryptionId=c33118392a, topicName=ACEP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6eba113, createdName=xiaoyeshuang, createdTime=Sat Jun 23 13:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655649, encodeId=9cdc1655649cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a011829d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1829, encryptionId=2a011829d7, topicName=ACE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635024767990, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 23:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1414863, encodeId=8c7f14148639e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e686e9057c7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#维生素B12#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79057, encryptionId=e686e9057c7, topicName=维生素B12)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b7303108315, createdName=bnjfx@127.com, createdTime=Fri Apr 27 02:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1508490, encodeId=bd51150849042, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b0e9055f7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#维生素B#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79055, encryptionId=68b0e9055f7, topicName=维生素B)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=17599981768, createdName=马龙, createdTime=Fri Apr 27 02:17:00 CST 2012, time=2012-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-04-27 马龙

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