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Circulation:WHO呼吁关注“沉默的疾病”,Chagas心肌病是什么鬼?

2021-09-28 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

恰加斯病,又称为“沉默的疾病”。

恰加斯病,又称为“沉默的疾病”。该病临床过程发展缓慢且经常无症状。如果不经治疗,恰加斯病会导致严重的心脏和消化系统病变,并可能致命。恰加斯病在拉丁美洲大陆的贫困人群中流行,但在其他国家和大陆也越来越多地被发现。

今年的世界日,WHO将关注恰加斯病及其造成的痛苦,并呼吁受到该病影响的所有人都能全面、公平地获得卫生保健和相关服务。全世界约有600-700万人感染恰加斯病,每年有1万人死亡。此外,有7500万人面临感染该病的风险。

当代克鲁斯锥虫血清阳性者的队列很少,而且对恰加斯病的基本临床流行病学了解甚少。为此,来自巴西米纳斯吉拉斯联邦大学临床医院和医学系的专家报告了与克鲁斯锥虫血清阳性有关的心肌病和死亡的发生率,结果发表在Circulation。

参与者是在巴西两个中心的血库中挑选的,克鲁斯锥虫血清阳性的献血者。克鲁斯锥虫血清阴性的对照组在年龄、性别和献血时间上是匹配的。已确定的恰加斯心肌病患者是从一个三级门诊服务机构招募的。参与者在入院时(2008至2010年)和随访时(2018至2019年)接受体检、采血、心电图和超声心动图。主要结果是全因死亡率和心肌病的发展,定义为出现左心室射血分数<50%和/或QRS复数持续时间≥120毫秒。

结果共招募了499名克鲁斯锥虫血清阳性者(年龄48±10岁,52%为男性)、488名克鲁斯锥虫血清阴性者(年龄49±10岁,49%为男性),以及101名已确立的恰加斯病心肌病患者(年龄48±8岁,59%为男性)。已确立的心肌病患者的死亡率为80.9人/1000人年(py)(54/101,53%),而基线上有心肌病的克鲁斯锥虫血清阳性者的死亡率为15.1人/1000py(17/114,15%)

在基线时没有心肌病的克鲁斯锥虫血清阳性者中,死亡率为3.7次/1000py(15/385,4%),这与克鲁斯锥虫血清阴性者的3.6次/1000py(17/488,3%)没有区别。克鲁斯锥虫血清阳性供体的心肌病发生率为13.8(95% CI 9.5-19.6)次/1000人年(32/262,12%),而血清阴性对照组为4.6(95% CI 2.3-8.3)次/1000人年(11/277,4%)。基线的克鲁斯锥虫抗体水平与心肌病的发生增加40%有关(OR=1.4,95% CI为1.1-1.8)。

恰加斯病发病病程

综上,该研究全面描述了当代患者群体中克鲁斯锥虫血清阳性的自然历史。这些结果强调了抗克鲁斯锥虫抗体滴度作为恰加斯病活动和进展风险的标志的核心重要性。

 

参考文献:

Incidence and Predictors of Progression to Chagas Cardiomyopathy: Long-Term Follow-Up of Trypanosoma Cruzi Seropositive Individuals. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055112

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    2022-08-05 vera_1203
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    2022-06-17 许安
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