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NEJM:重症新冠肺炎患者应用瑞德昔韦有获益!

2020-04-12 xujing 中国循环杂志

当前,针对新冠病毒感染,尚无有效的治疗药物,全球各国研究人员都在寻找有效治疗药物。

当前,针对新冠病毒感染,尚无有效的治疗药物,全球各国研究人员都在寻找有效治疗药物。

近日,新英格兰医学大致在线发表的一项来自美国、加拿大、欧洲国家及日本多个临床中心的研究数据显示,68%的重症患者从抗病毒药物瑞德昔韦(Remdesivir)治疗中获得临床获益,机械通气患者的病死率显著降低。

瑞德昔韦是核苷酸类似物的前药,该核苷酸类似物在细胞内代谢为抑制病毒RNA聚合酶的三磷酸腺苷类似物。 瑞德昔韦对几种病毒家族的成员具有广谱活性,包括丝状病毒(例如埃博拉病毒)和冠状病毒(例如SARS病毒与MERS病毒)。

新冠病毒的复制需要依赖病毒RNA的RNA聚合酶(RdRp),这正是瑞德昔韦的直接作用靶标。

该研究分析了53例氧饱和度≤94%的重症新冠病毒感染患者,美国22例,欧洲22例,日本9例。

基线时,30例(57%)患者接受机械通气,4例(8%)接受体外膜氧合治疗。

在支持治疗的基础尚给予瑞德昔韦治疗,疗程10天,第1天静脉给药200 mg,其余9天每天100 mg。

在18天的中位随访期间,有36例(68%)患者的得到临床获益,即患者的6分等级量表评分下降2分及2分以上或者顺利出院;30例(57%)接受机械通气的患者中有17例拔管。

共有25例(47%)患者出院,7例(13%)患者死亡。

在接受有创通气的患者中,死亡率为18%(34个中的6个),而未接受有创通气的患者为5%(19个中的1个)。

不幸的是,该研究中60%的患者服用瑞德西韦后出现了药物副作用,23%出现严重药物副作用,包括多器官功能障碍综合征,感染性休克,急性肾损伤等

研究没有收集病毒载量数据。

这是自瑞德昔韦用于治疗新冠病毒后的首个临床研究结果,瑞德昔韦的有效性毕竟尚需随机对照研究证实。

北京协和医院感染内科主任李太生教授认为,该研究是一项多中心、单药、缺乏对照组的研究。其得出的68%患者临床获益,重症患者13%病死率的数据我们需要更加谨慎地对待,不能过早乐观。

他认为,一个药物除了有效性的同时,还应该兼具安全性,即较低的毒副作用。文章中提到药物副作用,包括多器官功能障碍综合征,感染性休克,急性肾损伤等,这对于重症新冠患者患者很可能是致命的。

原始出处:
Jonathan Grein, et al. Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19. NEJM, April 10, 2020. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2007016

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    2020-04-12 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2020-04-12 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

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