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Alzheimer & Dementia:糖尿病、中心型肥胖与女性中年认知下降的关系

2021-09-10 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

中年可能是干预心血管危险因素以预防或延迟晚年认知障碍和ADRD的关键时期。

随着人口老龄化和预期寿命的增加,阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症(ADRD)的负担呈指数级增长,人们越来越重视找出可改变的因素来延缓或预防发病。尽管目前没有治疗,但三分之一的ADRD病例是可以预防的,血管(CV)危险因素也是有希望的预防目标。

在认知障碍发生之前,了解可改变的风险因素的影响尤其重要,因为早期应用预防措施可能最有效。中年CV风险因素与晚年认知障碍和痴呆有关,可能比老年时测量的风险因素更能预测老年人的认知障碍和痴呆。

然而,目前很少有研究调查CV风险因素与中年认知变化的关系。之前的研究使用了有限数量的中年认知评估,却很少有研究没有涉及到第八个十年之前的认知变化,那时痴呆症发病率开始加速。

中年CV危险因素与老年痴呆症和相关痴呆症晚年风险有关。为了填补血管危险因素与中年认知能力下降证据,来自美国纽约布朗克斯阿尔伯特爱因斯坦医学院神经病学系、流行病学和人口健康系的专家开展了相关研究,结果发表在Alzheimer & Dementia杂志上。

研究人员利用来自全国妇女健康研究的数据,研究了中年高血压、血脂水平升高、糖尿病、空腹血糖、中心型肥胖和Framingham心脏病年龄与完成加工速度多重认知评估的妇女认知下降、工作记忆和语言记忆的关系。认知测试的选择考虑到了队列在认知评估开始时的相对年轻年龄。用书写符号数字测试(SDMT)分数评估所有参与者的处理速度,工作记忆是用数字广度来评估的,它对老年前的变化很敏感。

分析样本的流程图

结果显示,与CV健康的患者相比,患有中心性肥胖(60.0对57.5)、高糖(59.1对57.1)、糖尿病(59.2对53.9)、高血压(60.1对56.4)和心脏年龄大于实足年龄(60.0对56.5)的患者的SDMT平均得分至少高2分。

基线DSB结果显示了类似的模式,与未患此病的人相比,患有中心性肥胖、高糖、糖尿病、高血压和心脏病年龄大于实际年龄的人得分较低,但脂质状态无差异。

根据CV暴露状态估计的SDMT得分。

对于SDMT,模型显示处理速度比后续下降,平均变化为每年0.21-0.25分。在对其他协变量进行调整后,这一趋势持续存在。其中,中枢性肥胖、空腹血糖升高、糖尿病、高血压和心脏年龄>按时间顺序排列的年龄的认知能力的基线效应的统计显著估计。对糖尿病(β=–5.22)、心脏年龄(β=–3.41)和高血压(β=–3.32)的影响最大。

由此可见,中年可能是干预心血管危险因素以预防或延迟晚年认知障碍和ADRD的关键时期。

 

参考文献:

Cardiovascular risk and midlife cognitive decline in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Alzheimers Dement. 2021 Aug;17(8):1342-1352. doi: 10.1002/alz.12300.

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    2021-10-14 ms6000001063757863

    学习了

    0

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    2021-09-20 法荣

    学习

    0

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    2021-09-11 ms3000001158677026

    中年可能是干预心血管危险因素以预防或延迟晚年认知障碍和ADRD的关键时期。好文章!

    0

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    2021-09-11 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

    0

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    2021-09-11 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

    0

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