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Antimicrob Agents Chemother:张天宇课题组发现抗结核一线药物吡嗪酰胺的新靶标

2017-04-28 佚名 广州生物医药与健康研究院

根据世界卫生组织的最新统计,全世界每年新发结核病病例从900万增加至1400万,每年死亡140-150万人(2015年死亡180万人)。结核病(tuberculosis,TB)是由结核分枝杆菌( Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mtb)引发的主要通过呼吸传播的致死性传染病,旧称痨病。自上个世纪80年代末,由于对结核病防控工作的忽视、人口流动的增加、Mtb与HIV共感染,耐多

根据世界卫生组织的最新统计,全世界每年新发结核病病例从900万增加至1400万,每年死亡140-150万人(2015年死亡180万人)。结核病(tuberculosis,TB)是由结核分枝杆菌( Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mtb)引发的主要通过呼吸传播的致死性传染病,旧称痨病。自上个世纪80年代末,由于对结核病防控工作的忽视、人口流动的增加、Mtb与HIV共感染,耐多药、广泛耐药、甚至是完全耐药结核病的出现,使结核病在全球范围内死灰复燃。

近日,中国科学院广州生物医药与健康研究院、呼吸疾病国家重点实验室结核病研究室的张天宇课题组发现Rv2783c编码的一个双功能酶可能是PZA的新靶标,相关研究成果Pyrazinoic Acid Inhibits a Bifunctional Enzyme in Mycobacterium tuberculosis 于4月24日发表于美国微生物协会主办的Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy(DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00070-17)。该论文的第一作者为广州生物院国际留学生Moses Njire,第二作者为王娜。

吡嗪酰胺(Pyrazinamide,简称PZA)是最独特的抗TB药物,其自身的抗结核病活性不明显,但是添加到一线药物中,可以缩短疗程3个月以上,明显减低复发率。许多含有二线药物和最近上市的新药的疗法只有与PZA联合使用,其作用效果才明显。因此,PZA对于治疗结核病,特别是耐药TB具有重要意义。PZA的作用机制一直是个谜。目前明确的是PZA是个前药,需要经过Mtb的吡嗪酰胺酶(PZase)的催化才能成为有活性的药物吡嗪酰酸(pyrazinoic acid,POA),可是其靶扑朔迷离。直到2011年发表在Science 一篇文章才发现核糖体蛋白RpsA可能是PZA的作用靶标,提出POA是通过抑制反式翻译来促进杀灭Mtb,特别是处于持留(persistence)状态Mtb的。持留是一种致病菌普遍存在的现象,即在治疗过程中,细菌表型耐药,很难被清除,但是并未发生基因突变。抗生素解除后,这些菌重新长起来后对同样的抗生素仍然敏感。

研究团队发现,过表达突变的Rv2783c基因可以导致Mtb对PZA耐药;POA可以与Rv2783蛋白结合,但是PZA不与之结合,同时POA也不与Rv2783蛋白结合;首次证实了基因Rv2783c编码的Rv2783蛋白具有聚核苷酸磷酸化酶(PNPase)功能和鸟苷五磷酸合成酶(GPS I) 活性。在研究PNPase功能时,研究组开创性地探索新的分析方法并取得成功。其结果显示,Rv2783蛋白具有不依赖模板而合成ssDNA和RNA的功能,同时具有降解ssDNA和RNA的功能。GPS I功能主要负责水解而非合成(p)ppGpp。POA可以干扰这些功能而PZA本身并不干扰这些功能。这些功能是Mtb存活,特别是在逆境存活的重要生理保障。POA干扰DNA修复,或者干扰各种RNA的稳定性,甚至是合成错误的RNA进而合成突变的蛋白可能很好解释“持留(persistence)”现象,即群体中只有小部细菌因为产生了突变的蛋白从而表型耐药(对药物耐受),但是它们的基因组并未发生改变。另外,Rv2783也可能是通过抑制结核菌水解(p)ppGpp从而阻止结核菌从逆境中恢复过来而杀死处于持留状态的结核菌。研究结果显示该蛋白很可能是PZA的新靶标。

该研究有助于揭示持留菌(特别是持留Mtb)形成机制,为研发新型抗TB药物及新疗法提供理论基础。同时,可能为诊断PZA的敏感性提供新分子标记,也可能为研制更好的PZA敏感性检测技术提供有益启示。该研究受到了国家自然科学基金、中科院项目、UCAS奖学金、CAS-TWAS奖学金、广州市科技计划项目以及呼吸疾病国家重点实验室项目的支持。

原始出处:

Njire M, Wang N, Wang B, et al.Pyrazinoic Acid Inhibits a Bifunctional Enzyme in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 Apr 24

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    2018-01-19 仁医06
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    2017-10-22 xjy02
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    2018-03-01 grace5700
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779544, encodeId=e5981e79544ae, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0473209562' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#agents#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2095, encryptionId=0473209562, topicName=agents)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Fri Jan 19 07:23:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1857441, encodeId=a1aa185e441f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3f48525849' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CRO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5258, encryptionId=3f48525849, topicName=CRO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c30265, createdName=jiafufeng@yaho, createdTime=Wed Dec 20 13:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2084209, encodeId=535a2084209ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=61f411e013b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Micro#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11701, encryptionId=61f411e013b, topicName=Micro)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d59291, createdName=xjy02, createdTime=Sun Oct 22 20:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779482, encodeId=b1291e79482ba, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=481a2094a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Agent#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2094, encryptionId=481a2094a9, topicName=Agent)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b05b180, createdName=grace5700, createdTime=Thu Mar 01 01:23:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1254056, encodeId=af2a125405615, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f30ae86297d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结核#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78629, encryptionId=f30ae86297d, topicName=结核)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=huhuaidong387, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 11:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1352763, encodeId=5e4c1352e6358, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=827d9996311' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#靶标#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99963, encryptionId=827d9996311, topicName=靶标)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 11:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1509886, encodeId=c64f150988629, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9d855612c2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗结核#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55612, encryptionId=d9d855612c2, topicName=抗结核)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c49410165177, createdName=wgx309, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 11:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2017-04-30 zhaojie88
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    2017-04-30 wgx309

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