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静脉癌栓威胁八旬老伯生命,医生突破“高龄禁区”为其“拆弹”

2021-06-29 39健康网 39健康网

80岁高龄的郑伯,被诊断为左肾癌,而且左肾静脉及下腔静脉还形成了多发癌栓,辗转广州市内多家医院就诊均无法进行手术治疗。

80岁高龄的郑伯,被诊断为左肾癌,而且左肾静脉及下腔静脉还形成了多发癌栓,辗转广州市内多家医院就诊均无法进行手术治疗。

最后,郑伯来到中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院求医,泌尿外科江春教授团队突破“高龄禁区”,为他实施了“腹腔镜左肾根治性切除+左肾静脉及下腔静脉多发癌栓取出术”。术后仅一周,郑伯就顺利康复出院了。

癌栓脱落可导致肺栓塞、心梗,高龄让手术“难上加难”

据郑伯回忆,自己在确诊前一个月总是无缘无故感到疲惫不适、精神较差,而且常感觉下肢无力。去附近医院就诊后,腹部MR检查考虑“左肾癌”,而且左肾静脉及下腔静脉有多发癌栓形成。

江春教授介绍,郑伯既往有高血压病史20余年、冠心病史8年余,平时口服氨氯地平、氯吡格雷等降压药、抗凝药,出血风险极大。而且,郑伯罹患的肾癌已属比较晚期,左肾静脉及下腔静脉多发癌栓形成,手术难度极大。

郑伯所罹患的肾癌是常见的泌尿系统恶性肿瘤,占成人恶性肿瘤的2%-3%。肾癌发展到晚期时肿瘤可能长入肾脏静脉,甚至是更大的下腔静脉,这些长入静脉内的肿瘤就被称为“癌栓”。

“肾癌合并癌栓手术为泌尿外科最复杂手术之一,手术风险巨大,可能面临大出血、瘤栓脱落导致肺栓塞可能,手术死亡率极高。一旦癌栓脱落游走至肺、心脏导致肺栓塞、心梗,将可能瞬间致命。”江春教授表示,郑伯年逾八旬,身体机能比较差,高龄并且肿瘤情况复杂,要制定出合适的治疗方案是非常困难的。通过完善相关检查后发现,郑伯的肾癌并无肺、肝、骨等原处转移,手术仍是阻止肿瘤进展、避免癌栓脱落的最佳治疗手段。

多学科协作制定最优方案,医生精细操作取出癌栓

为了给郑伯提供最合适的治疗方案,泌尿外科邀请了麻醉科、血管内科、影像科等多个学科的专家进行多学科综合会诊,结合国内外的治疗经验,共同制定了围手术期的治疗与护理方案。最终,为郑伯实施了“腹腔镜左肾根治性切除+左肾静脉及下腔静脉多发癌栓取出术”,向高难度手术发起挑战。

术中,手术团队充分游离显露了肾动脉、肾静脉、下腔静脉、腹主动脉等重要血管结构,在阻断并切开下腔静脉后进行取栓。幸运的是,术中顺利取出了肾静脉及下腔静脉癌栓的所有癌栓,没有癌栓脱落。顺利取出癌栓后,缝合下腔静脉切口,前后阻断共计10分钟,郑伯的血流动力学稳定。手术共历时约3小时,顺利完整切除整个肾脏及全部癌栓!

在外科快速康复理念的指导下,鼓励患者早期进食、早期活动,因此郑伯术后第二天即恢复饮食、下次活动。在医务人员的精心护理下,郑伯在术后一周就顺利康复出院。

“此次高难度手术的成功实施充分展示我院泌尿外科在泌尿肿瘤微创领域的超高技艺,更凸显了我院作为一家大型综合性教学医院在处理疑难复杂手术时,开展多学科协作的优越性及重要性。”江春教授说道。

江春教授(右一)团队为患者实施手术

江春教授(前排左一)带领团队为患者查房

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    2022-02-26 fusion
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    2021-06-30 xlysu
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