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NATURE:我国研究人员发现藻类TET同系物催化DNA修饰

2019-05-04 海北 MedSci原创

将胞嘧啶甲基化为5-甲基胞嘧啶(5mC)是在许多生物中普遍存在的DNA修饰。 已有的研究显示,10-11易位(TET)双加氧酶对5mC的连续氧化导致一系列额外的表观遗传标记,并促进哺乳动物中DNA的去甲基化。

将胞嘧啶甲基化为5-甲基胞嘧啶(5mC)是在许多生物中普遍存在的DNA修饰。 已有的研究显示,10-11易位(TET)双加氧酶对5mC的连续氧化导致一系列额外的表观遗传标记,并促进哺乳动物中DNA的去甲基化。

然而,TET同源物在其他真核生物中的酶活性和功能仍然很大程度上未被探索。

在这里,研究人员发现,绿藻Chlamydomonas reinhardtii含有5mC修饰酶(CMD1),它是TET同系物,并催化甘油基通过碳-碳键与5mC的甲基结合,产生两种立体异构体核碱基产物。

CMD1的催化活性需要Fe(II)和其结合基序His-X-Asp的完整性,其在Fe依赖性双加氧酶中是保守的。

然而,与之前描述的使用2-氧代戊二酸作为共底物的TET酶不同,CMD1使用L-抗坏血酸(维生素C)作为必需的共底物。维生素C将甘油基部分贡献至5℃,同时形成乙醛酸和CO2。

维生素C衍生的DNA修饰存在于野生型莱茵衣藻的基因组中,但在CMD1突变菌株中处于较低水平。CMD1突变细胞在暴露于高光水平期间的适应性降低。

LHCSR3是一种在高光条件下保护莱茵衣藻免受光氧化损伤的关键基因,与野生型细胞相比,在CMD1突变细胞中,其被高度甲基化和下调,导致光保护性非光化学猝灭能力降低。

因此,该研究鉴定了真核DNA碱基修饰,其由不同的TET同源物催化并且意外地衍生自维生素C,研究人员还描述了其作为潜在的表观遗传标记的作用,其可以在光合作用的调节中抵消DNA甲基化。


原始出处:

Xue JH et al. A vitamin-C-derived DNA modification catalysed by an algal TET homologue. NATURE, 2019; doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1160-0.


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    2020-04-15 liye789132251
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    2019-11-13 yhy100200
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    2019-05-06 zhangyxzsh

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