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JAMA:β-阻滞剂不能改善冠脉疾病患者的临床转归

2012-10-10 网络 网络

  迄今为止,β-阻滞剂依然是心肌梗塞(MI)患者的标准疗法。然而, β-阻滞剂的使用对于那些有冠状动脉疾病 (CAD) 而无MI病史,或是那些有MI长期病史,或是那些仅有CAD风险因子的患者的受益如何尚不得而知。   为了评估 β-阻滞剂的使用与有MI病史的稳定患者,无MI病史的CAD患者,或是仅有CAD风险因子的患者的心血管事件的联系,美国纽约大学心血管研究中心Sripal Bangalor

  迄今为止,β-阻滞剂依然是心肌梗塞(MI)患者的标准疗法。然而, β-阻滞剂的使用对于那些有冠状动脉疾病 (CAD) 而无MI病史,或是那些有MI长期病史,或是那些仅有CAD风险因子的患者的受益如何尚不得而知。

  为了评估 β-阻滞剂的使用与有MI病史的稳定患者,无MI病史的CAD患者,或是仅有CAD风险因子的患者的心血管事件的联系,美国纽约大学心血管研究中心Sripal Bangalore博士及其同事进行了深入研究,他们发现,对于仅有CAD风险因子,有已知MI病史,以及无MI病史患有CAD的患者队列而言,使用 β-阻滞剂与合并心血管事件发生率降低无关。相关论文发表于国际权威杂志JAMA 2012年10月3日在线版。

  该项纵向,观察性减少动脉粥样硬化血栓形成保持健康注册研究(REACH)纳入的受试患者被分为3个队列:已知有 MI病史 (n = 14 043);已知有CAD而无MI (n = 12 012)病史;仅有CAD风险因子 (n = 18 653)。主要分析采用倾向得分匹配方法(Propensity score matching )。随访数据收集截止至2009年4月份。试验主要终点为心血管死亡,非致死性MI,或非致死性卒中。次要终点为主要临床结局加动脉硬化性血栓形成事件或血运重建术。

  结果显示,在44 708例患者中有21 860例被纳入倾向得分匹配分析。中位随访期为44个月(四分位距,35—45个月),研究人员发现,在检测的任何临床结局中,使用 β-阻滞剂的患者与不使用 β-阻滞剂的患者相比,二者事件发生率无显着性差异,即使是对于先前有MI病史的患者组仍是如此(分别为489 [16.93%] vs 532 [18.60%]; 风险比 [HR], 0.90 [95% CI, 0.79-1.03]; P = .14)。在无MI病史的CAD患者队列中,使用 β-阻滞剂的患者与不使用 β-阻滞剂的患者相比,主要终点的事件发生率无显着性差异 (391 [12.94%]) vs (405 [13.55%]) (HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.79-1.08]; P = .31),而次要终点的事件发生率前者更高 (1101 [30.59%] vs 1002 [27.84%];风险比[OR], 1.14 [95% CI, 1.03-1.27]; P = .01) ,两组第三终点住院率的结果如下:870 [24.17%] vs 773 [21.48%]; OR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.04-1.30]; P = .01。在仅有CAD风险因子的患者队列中,研究人员观察到,使用 β-阻滞剂的患者与不使用 β-阻滞剂的患者相比,前者组主要终点的事件发生率更高(467 [14.22%])VS.( (403 [12.11%]) (HR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.02-1.36]; P = .02),次要终点的事件发生率也更高(467 [14.22%]) VS.(403 [12.11%]) (HR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.02-1.36]; P = .02),而第三终点MI(89 [2.82%] vs 68 [2.00%]; HR, 1.36 [95% CI, 0.97-1.90]; P = .08) ,卒中的发生率 (210 [6.55%] vs 168 [5.12%]; HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.99-1.52]; P = .06)并未呈现出上述趋势。然而,对于有MI病史(少于1年)的患者而言,使用 β-阻滞剂与次要终点发生率更低相关(OR, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.64-0.92])。

  研究人员由此得出结论,对于仅有CAD风险因子,有已知MI病史,以及无MI病史患有CAD的患者队列而言,使用 β-阻滞剂与合并心血管事件发生率降低无关。

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    2013-03-23 zhyy88
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