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加拿大现认知障碍“神秘疾病” ,已致48人感染6人死亡

2021-06-09 JACKZHAO MedSci原创

近日,据《纽约时报》、加拿大广播公司(CBC)、加拿大电视台(CTV)等报道称,过去五年间,一种神秘的脑部疾病在位于加拿大大西洋沿岸的新不伦瑞克省的居民中引发了恐惧和混乱。 虽然这种疾病的下落仍然未知

N.B. launching investigation into nearly 50 cases of mystery neurological  disease | CTV News

近日,据《纽约时报》、加拿大广播公司(CBC)、加拿大电视台(CTV)等报道称,过去五年间,一种神秘的脑部疾病在位于加拿大大西洋沿岸的新不伦瑞克省的居民中引发了恐惧和混乱。 虽然这种疾病的下落仍然未知,但它让许多加拿大医学专家和顶级神经学家感到困惑。加拿大新不伦瑞克省共有48人患有一种原因不明的神经疾病,已导致6人死亡。该疾病的症状包括失眠、运动机能受损、产生幻觉及认知障碍等。

加拿大首都渥太华及新不伦瑞克省的卫生部门已组成调查委员会,邀请多名神经病学家、流行病学家、环保人士参与研究。神经病学家马雷罗早在2015年发现一名病人出现类似征状,包括焦虑、抑郁、快速恶化的认知障碍症、肌肉疼痛及视觉障碍。

卫生部长多萝西·谢泼德 (Dorothy Shephard) 在一次新的会议上说:“发现一种潜在的新的和未知的综合症是可怕的。” “我知道新不伦瑞克人对这种潜在的神经系统综合症感到担忧和困惑。”谢泼德还宣布,调查委员会有四个月的时间表来完成对每位患者医疗记录的临床审查。

据调查委员会联合主席爱德华·亨德里克斯介绍,相关确诊病例共48例,年龄在18至85岁之间,51%的女性、49%为男性。患者主要症状包括快速痴呆、肌肉痉挛萎缩、记忆丧失和产生幻觉。调查小组正在探索所有潜在原因,包括食物、环境和动物暴露。

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学神经病学家卡什曼表示,一个调查方向是疾病可能由一种已知毒素引起。一种名为BMAA的毒素,由蓝绿藻产生,与阿兹海默症有关。蓝绿藻是一种在温暖气候下湖面生长的有毒植物。

卡什曼称,另一个潜在的原因是,患者长期接触软骨藻酸,一种在新不伦瑞克省沿海地区贝类中发现的神经毒素。研究小组也不排除可能是一种新的朊毒体疾病,或一个由细菌、病毒或真菌等传染源引起的综合征。

Shephard 说,联邦克雅氏病 (CJD) 监测系统去年在患者中发现了一种症状模式,然后排除了该综合征是一种人类朊病毒疾病的可能性。

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease | Montreal Gazette

克雅氏病(Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, CJD)是一种朊蛋白病,其特征为进行性精神功能逐渐退化,导致痴呆、肌肉不自主抽搐(肌阵挛)和行走时摇晃。变异型克雅氏病是因食用被污染的牛肉所致。克雅氏病(CJD)是一种朊蛋白病,当一种称作细胞型朊蛋白(PrPC)的正常蛋白改变形状(错误折叠)并变成致病朊蛋白时,这种疾病就会发生。朊蛋白在脑部中慢慢积累,通常会在脑细胞中形成微小的气泡,然后逐渐死亡。当足够多的脑细胞出现故障或死亡时,症状就会出现,接着是人的死亡。

自英国1986年确认第一例疯牛病以来,仅英国在1987-1999年间证实的疯牛病就达到17万头以上,而迄今为止有包括亚洲国家日本在内的24国家已经发现了疯牛病。目前众多证据显示该病是由于牛吃了被TSE感染因子污染的肉骨粉饲料(MBM)引起的。

The Brain Eater Download - 638*479 - Prion-Disease 37arts.net

克雅氏病最常见的早期症状为记忆丧失和思维混乱,可能类似于阿尔茨海默病等其它痴呆症。这些症状首先出现在大多数CJD患者身上,但最终发展到所有受影响的人身上。对其他人来说,第一个症状是肌肉协调能力丧失(共济失调)。在vCJD患者中,第一个症状往往是精神症状(如焦虑或抑郁),而不是记忆力丧失。两种疾病的晚期症状类似。

l 散发型CJD(占85%-90%)

l 家族遗传型CJD(占5%-15%)

l 医院型CJD(约占1%)

l 变异型CJD(全世界共有200多例)

目前,CJD无法治愈,也无法减缓病程进展。这是一种致死性疾病,患者通常在发病后数月或数年内死亡。然而,某些药物可缓解症状。例如,抗癫痫药物丙戊酸钠和抗焦虑药物氯硝西泮可减少肌肉痉挛。镇静剂或抗精神病药有时可帮助焦虑患者平静。

Creutzfeldt-Jakob 疾病监测系统负责人 Michael Coulthart 说,许多神经系统疾病具有重叠的特征,但他说他以前从未见过像新不伦瑞克省这样的集群。他说,这些案件已经蔓延多年的事实将使查明来源变得更加困难。

谢泼德说委员会必须对所有可能的原因保持开放。

 

参考资料:https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/new-brunswick-ramps-up-efforts-to-solve-mystery-behind-unknown-brain-disease-1.5454917

 

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    2021-06-11 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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    2021-06-09 wxl882001

    了解

    0

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    2021-06-09 十月的雨

    学习学习

    0

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    2021-06-09 言西早

    任何疾病的产生都是大自然的杰作

    0

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