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BMJ:呼吸道没问题,但是持续性干咳,什么原因?

2016-09-28 MedSci MedSci原创

女性患者,60岁,因声音嘶哑和持续性的干咳而就诊。软性内窥镜显示患者舌后1/3有光滑、圆形肿胀物。该轴向T2加权磁共振图像显示舌根中线处有何异常(图1⇓)?诊断:残余的甲状舌管的囊性残余(甲状舌管囊肿)。磁共振图像显示在舌根后部有一个薄壁囊性病变,与甲状舌管囊肿(图2⇓)表现一致,在增强后T1加权矢状切面(图3⇓)也可看到。在头部和颈部中线处的囊性病变,鉴别诊断包括甲状舌管囊肿和皮样囊肿。图1显示

女性患者,60岁,因声音嘶哑和持续性的干咳而就诊。软性内窥镜显示患者舌后1/3有光滑、圆形肿胀物。

该轴向T2加权磁共振图像显示舌根中线处有何异常(图1⇓)?



诊断:残余的甲状舌管的囊性结构(甲状舌管囊肿)。

磁共振图像显示在舌根后部有一个薄壁囊性病变,与甲状舌管囊肿(图2⇓)表现一致,在增强后T1加权矢状切面(图3⇓)也可看到。



在头部和颈部中线处的囊性病变,鉴别诊断包括甲状舌管囊肿和皮样囊肿。图1显示甲状舌管囊肿样的表现,囊液均质。由于内含软组织和脂肪,皮样囊肿的异构现象较为明显。

甲状舌管囊肿是在头部和颈部最常见的先天性囊肿。常见于10岁及以下儿童,偶见于成人。甲状舌管是一种胚胎解剖结构,在甲状腺起始和终结的部位之间。若甲状腺下降至正常位置后,甲状舌管未能消失,仍作为连接舌后部和甲状腺的导管,那么将导致囊肿的形成。囊肿可形成于甲状舌管的任何地方,但最常用于舌骨和甲状软骨之间的部位。仅2%的囊肿发生于舌部位。

治疗方法最常用采用手术切除甲状舌管囊肿。手术的目的是通过切除囊肿、残余的甲状舌管和舌骨中段来降低复发率。由于囊肿易感染,且罕见情况子下可发生恶变,因此建议切除。

本病例中切除了患者的甲状舌管囊肿,且无并发症的发生。后其随访确认患者症状消失。

原始出处:

H L Adams, D C Howlett. A persistent cough. BMJ 2016; 354 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i4858.

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    2016-10-13 gaoxiaoe
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848109, encodeId=7b48184810958, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Thu Oct 13 11:13:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1922548, encodeId=dfda1922548be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3f3156324ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#持续性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56324, encryptionId=3f3156324ff, topicName=持续性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2c31495, createdName=liuyg0228, createdTime=Thu Feb 23 19:13:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1743716, encodeId=9c261e437164e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=234a48e040a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#干咳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48704, encryptionId=234a48e040a, topicName=干咳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=561635200442, createdName=bioon15, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 16:13:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=144877, encodeId=31221448e7de, content=好文章,受益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 11 18:34:33 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1282390, encodeId=449c128239014, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=700239e0772' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#呼吸道#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39707, encryptionId=700239e0772, topicName=呼吸道)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e94174, createdName=zhmscau, createdTime=Fri Sep 30 13:13:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2017-02-21 bioon15
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    2016-10-11 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    好文章,受益

    0

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    2016-09-30 zhmscau
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