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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg:VATS术后椎旁神经节阻滞的早期镇痛效果更优

2014-07-23 包飞潮 丁香园

VATS虽能有效减轻患者术后疼痛,但患者术后早期仍不可避免地出现中等程度疼痛。随着VATS的应用越来越广泛,麻醉医生和外科医生都在寻求更好的VATS术后镇痛方法。硬膜外镇痛(thoracic epidural analgesia, TEA)和椎旁神经节阻滞(paravertebral block, PVB)为开胸术后镇痛的金标准,目前也广泛应用于VATS术后镇痛。但由于开胸和VATS所造成的外科创

VATS虽能有效减轻患者术后疼痛,但患者术后早期仍不可避免地出现中等程度疼痛。随着VATS的应用越来越广泛,麻醉医生和外科医生都在寻求更好的VATS术后镇痛方法。


硬膜外镇痛(thoracic epidural analgesia, TEA)和椎旁神经节阻滞(paravertebral block, PVB)为开胸术后镇痛的金标准,目前也广泛应用于VATS术后镇痛。但由于开胸和VATS所造成的外科创伤有所不同,因此目前还未确定TEA/PVB是否可成为VATS术后镇痛的金标准。另外由于TEA的副反应及较高的费用,是否对于相对较微创的VATS也需要行TEA有待进一步研究。

既往研究比较了VATS术后不同镇痛方式的效果,如安慰剂局部镇痛,口服或静脉全身镇痛治疗等,但仍未就此问题达成一致结论。为此,来自丹麦哥本哈根大学的Kristin Julia Steinthorsdottir医生等做了一项系统评价研究,该研究旨在比较不同局部镇痛方法对于治疗VATS,特别是VATS肺叶切除术后早期疼痛的效果,研究成果发表于2014年6月的European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery杂志上。

Steinthorsdottir医生等通过分析目前已发表的关于VATS肺切除术局部镇痛的文章,比较了术后48小时内疼痛评分和/或镇痛剂消耗量,列出了各镇痛方法的优缺点,并发症和副反应等,同时还为今后的相关研究提供了指导性建议。

该系统评价通过搜索Pubmed,Cochrane Library,Embase数据库,共纳入17篇文章,其中3篇关于VATS肺叶切除,评估的镇痛方法包括硬膜外镇痛、多平面或单平面的椎旁神经阻滞、椎旁间隙置管、肋间置管、胸膜腔灌注、胸长神经阻滞等。

研究结果发现,PVB对于VATS术后早期镇痛效果良好,而TEA等其他局部镇痛方法效果欠佳。
由于纳入研究数量有限,且各研究间存在较大异质性,该系统评价未能总结出VATS术后镇痛的金标准,Steinthorsdottir医生等认为今后需要更多的研究关注VATS肺叶切除术后镇痛,建立更准确的疼痛评级系统,需根据患者的个体特征、手术方式、疾病分期及术后合并症等情况予以分类并进行更准确地比较分析各镇痛方式的作用。

原始出处:

Steinthorsdottir KJ1, Wildgaard L2, Hansen HJ3, Petersen RH3, Wildgaard K4.Regional analgesia for video-assisted thoracic surgery: a systematic review.Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2014 Jun;45(6):959-66. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezt525. Epub 2013 Nov 27.

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    2014-08-23 yyj062
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2056981, encodeId=3dd92056981cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a19b1e4042f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#THORAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17404, encryptionId=a19b1e4042f, topicName=THORAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=052a130, createdName=yyj062, createdTime=Sat Aug 23 06:44:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2068172, encodeId=6c4620681e2b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e94b298327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ATS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2983, encryptionId=e94b298327, topicName=ATS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7532500500, createdName=12499e01m47暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Oct 18 12:44:00 CST 2014, time=2014-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=11172, encodeId=5569111e2b8, content=阴性结果也不错。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=193, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7b4824272, createdName=leon21, createdTime=Tue Aug 19 14:21:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1355204, encodeId=fb9e135520457, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=256a96e9990' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#镇痛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96799, encryptionId=256a96e9990, topicName=镇痛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Fri Jul 25 07:44:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2056981, encodeId=3dd92056981cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a19b1e4042f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#THORAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17404, encryptionId=a19b1e4042f, topicName=THORAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=052a130, createdName=yyj062, createdTime=Sat Aug 23 06:44:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2068172, encodeId=6c4620681e2b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e94b298327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ATS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2983, encryptionId=e94b298327, topicName=ATS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7532500500, createdName=12499e01m47暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Oct 18 12:44:00 CST 2014, time=2014-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=11172, encodeId=5569111e2b8, content=阴性结果也不错。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=193, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7b4824272, createdName=leon21, createdTime=Tue Aug 19 14:21:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1355204, encodeId=fb9e135520457, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=256a96e9990' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#镇痛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96799, encryptionId=256a96e9990, topicName=镇痛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Fri Jul 25 07:44:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-08-19 leon21

    阴性结果也不错。

    0

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    2014-07-25 zhaojie88
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