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JACC:再不运动就病了

2016-01-21 QQduhp 译 MedSci原创

大量证据表明,有规律的运动锻炼降低民众患心血管疾病(CVD)的死亡率。 研究人员发现,肥胖发病率和某些疾病的死亡率逐渐增加,参与体育运动和耐力运动的民众数目在10年来约翻了一番。2012-2013年,有770万名学生报名参加了高中运动项目,2014年,美国约有近4200万跑步者和慢跑者。2013年的马拉松项目中约有47%的完成者年龄超过40岁。但有研究表明,2000-2009年期间,马拉松完成者的

大量证据表明,有规律的运动锻炼降低民众患心血管疾病(CVD)的死亡率。 

研究人员发现,肥胖发病率和某些疾病的死亡率在逐年增加,参与体育运动和耐力运动的民众数目在10年来约翻了一番。2012-2013年,有770万名学生报名参加了高中运动项目,2014年,美国约有近4200万跑步者和慢跑者。2013年的马拉松项目中约有47%的完成者年龄超过40岁。

但有研究表明,2000-2009年期间,马拉松完成者的死亡率为0.75/100000人,一共有28人,其中6名为女士,22名为男性,平均年龄为41.5岁,其中有一半的死者年龄为45岁左右。 

心肌梗死和动脉粥样硬化性心脏病是主要死因,死亡人数约占总死亡人数的93%。 

马拉松与联邦推荐的运动指南相去甚远。他们指出,大多数人应该进行150分钟/周的中等强度运动或75分钟/周的高强度运动。但是据统计,只有一半的美国人符合要求。 

有研究指出,高强度有氧运动对机体心血管健康的效果相当于民众不运动的状态。

ACC指出,他们需要对所有关于有氧运动的强度和频率对民众心血管健康影响的相关研究进行分析,以探究是否进行有氧运动的强度超过某一阈值便会不利于机体心血管健康。

他们发现,进行少量的体育活动(站立等)可降低民众出现心血管疾病的风险,进行更多的锻炼则进一步降低CVD风险。不同种族的民众进行中强强度的运动效果差异明显。他们指出,长期坚持中强度运动可降低民众心血管疾病的死亡率。任何强度的运动都可降低民众患CVD的发生率和死亡率。相比之下,并未有任何数据指出对机体心血管健康有益的运动阈值。

民众大多知道,运动过度可能有害心脏功能,因此他们需要进行适度的运动锻炼以达到有效的初级和二级预防作用。

对于心血管疾病患者,运动能拯救他们的生命。但研究显示,只有62%的心脏病患者出院后心脏功能恢复。其中只有23%的人至少参加一项心脏功能康复课程,只有5.4%完成36节课程培训。 

原始出处:

Keep exercising, say heart experts,MNT,21,Jan,2016

Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels et al.Exercise at the extremes: the amount of exercise to reduce cardiovascular events,Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Jan, 2016

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    2016-04-24 hbwxf
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    2016-01-27 李继凯

    生命在于运动

    0

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    2016-01-27 李继凯

    锻炼身体

    0

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    2016-01-26 I come

    多运动

    0

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    2016-01-25 ssummer

    看来一周得练2次

    0

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