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Lancet:外用咪喹莫特治疗外阴上皮内瘤变患者非劣于手术治疗

2022-05-02 网络 网络

外阴上皮内瘤变患者的福音:外用咪喹莫特是一种安全有效的手术替代方案

外阴表皮内瘤变(vulvar intraepithelial neoplasma,VIN)是一组外阴病变,是外阴癌的前期病变。病灶表现为表皮增生,可出现皮肤增厚斑块、乳头或小的赘疣,表面可呈灰白色、黑色素沉着或暗红色,肿瘤表面干燥、脱屑,边界不清楚。瘤灶常可多发,并可相互融合。年轻患者的VIN常自然消退,但60岁以上或伴有免疫抑制的年轻患者可能转变为浸润癌。

外阴上皮内瘤变(VIN)的发病率一直在上升,主要发生在年轻女性中,80%以上的外阴上皮内瘤变是由人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)持续感染引起的,分为外阴高级鳞状上皮内病变(vHSIL)或普通型外阴上皮内瘤变。外阴上皮内瘤样病变常可见病理性核分裂、上皮的中上层出现较活跃的有丝分裂,核浆比例增加、散在多核及未成熟细胞的增加。另外还包括角化过度、角化不全等非特异性改变。根据细胞的成熟度、核的异形性、细胞排列结构以及有丝分裂活性,VIN可分为1级(轻度不典型性)、2级(中度不典型性)、3级(重度不典型性或原位癌)。

vHSIL的最佳管理方法尚未完全建立,手术切除和激光汽化同样有效,但高达50%的女性会复发。咪喹莫特(Imiquimod)是一种局部免疫调节剂,是目前研究最多的vHSIL治疗药物,它能够诱导炎症因子的分泌,改变局部免疫反应,有利于清除持续感染的HPV。咪喹莫特耐受性良好,报告的临床反应率在35%至81%之间,已经与安慰剂和西多福韦进行了对比研究,研究结果于2014年发表在Lancet Oncology上。但尚未与手术治疗进行对比研究,该临床试验的目的是比较外用咪喹莫特与手术治疗对vHSIL患者的有效性、组织学反应、HPV清除、接受度和精神性疾病的发病率,相关结果于2022年4月25日发表在《柳叶刀》。

该研究是一项多中心、随机、3期、非劣效性临床试验,由奥地利妇科肿瘤小组在奥地利6家医院进行。招募了18至90的女性患者,这些患者经组织学证实具有可见的单灶或多灶病变的vHSIL。主要排除标准是临床怀疑有浸润,有外阴癌或严重外阴炎皮肤病史,3个月内有vHSIL积极治疗史,已知免疫缺陷、怀孕或哺乳期女性。患者被随机(1:1)分配到咪喹莫特组或手术组,并按单灶或多灶疾病进行分层随机,咪喹莫特治疗以缓慢递增的剂量方案自我给药,每周最多3次,持续4-6个月;手术包括切除或消融。

在基线、6个月和12个月时,通过外阴镜检查、外阴活检、HPV检测和报告结果对患者进行评估,主要终点是局部咪喹莫特治疗或一次手术干预后6个月的完全临床缓解,主要分析是按照方案进行的,非劣效性界值为20%。该试验已在ClinicalTrials.gov注册,注册号为NCT01861535。

结果显示,在2013年6月7日至2020年1月8日期间,共招募110例vHSIL患者,其中78%为单灶性,22%为多灶性,共评估了107例患者(咪喹莫特组54例,手术组53例)对治疗的临床反应,98例患者(咪喹莫特组46例,手术组52例)按最初方案完成了研究。

咪喹莫特组46例患者中有37例(80%)出现完全临床缓解,手术组52例患者中有41例(79%)在一次手术干预后出现完全临床缓解,新治疗显示出非劣效性(比例差异为0.016,95%置信区间为0.15 - 0.18,p = 0.0056)。

咪喹莫特组和手术组患者临床反应

初次或二次手术中5例患者出现浸润性疾病,但咪喹莫特治疗的患者中未出现。两组患者在HPV清除率、不良事件和治疗满意度方面均无显著差异。

这项非劣效研究显示,对于vHSIL患者,咪喹莫特外用是一种安全、有效且被广泛接受的手术替代方案,可作为一线治疗。

原始出处:

Gerda Trutnovsky, Olaf Reich, Elmar A Joura, et al. Topical imiquimod versus surgery for vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a multicentre, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. The Lancet. April 25, 2022.

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    2022-11-28 howi
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831550, encodeId=cb951831550f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Mon Nov 28 19:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290792, encodeId=80bf1290e9296, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e86454454ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54454, encryptionId=e86454454ea, topicName=手术治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=920c231, createdName=lixiaol, createdTime=Wed May 04 03:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243986, encodeId=09c91243986df, content=lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=younei, createdTime=Mon May 02 15:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216332, encodeId=81f71216332ad, content=很前沿的咨询,谢谢分享!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=65aa5643711, createdName=小白努力长高高, createdTime=Mon May 02 15:29:17 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216304, encodeId=15551216304e0, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Mon May 02 13:30:58 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831550, encodeId=cb951831550f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Mon Nov 28 19:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290792, encodeId=80bf1290e9296, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e86454454ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54454, encryptionId=e86454454ea, topicName=手术治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=920c231, createdName=lixiaol, createdTime=Wed May 04 03:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243986, encodeId=09c91243986df, content=lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=younei, createdTime=Mon May 02 15:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216332, encodeId=81f71216332ad, content=很前沿的咨询,谢谢分享!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=65aa5643711, createdName=小白努力长高高, createdTime=Mon May 02 15:29:17 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216304, encodeId=15551216304e0, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Mon May 02 13:30:58 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-05-02 younei

    lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831550, encodeId=cb951831550f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Mon Nov 28 19:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290792, encodeId=80bf1290e9296, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e86454454ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54454, encryptionId=e86454454ea, topicName=手术治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=920c231, createdName=lixiaol, createdTime=Wed May 04 03:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243986, encodeId=09c91243986df, content=lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=younei, createdTime=Mon May 02 15:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216332, encodeId=81f71216332ad, content=很前沿的咨询,谢谢分享!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=65aa5643711, createdName=小白努力长高高, createdTime=Mon May 02 15:29:17 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216304, encodeId=15551216304e0, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Mon May 02 13:30:58 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-05-02 小白努力长高高

    很前沿的咨询,谢谢分享!!!

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831550, encodeId=cb951831550f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Mon Nov 28 19:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290792, encodeId=80bf1290e9296, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e86454454ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54454, encryptionId=e86454454ea, topicName=手术治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=920c231, createdName=lixiaol, createdTime=Wed May 04 03:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243986, encodeId=09c91243986df, content=lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=younei, createdTime=Mon May 02 15:59:09 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216332, encodeId=81f71216332ad, content=很前沿的咨询,谢谢分享!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=65aa5643711, createdName=小白努力长高高, createdTime=Mon May 02 15:29:17 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1216304, encodeId=15551216304e0, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Mon May 02 13:30:58 CST 2022, time=2022-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-05-02 yangchou

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    0

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