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腹腔镜手术的十项基本原则

2015-12-16 佚名 网络

1. 镜视轴枢原则:以腹腔镜、靶目标和监视器构成整台手术的中轴线。人员站位和穿刺孔均应围绕着该中轴线设计、实施。 2. 平肘站位原则:调节手术台使病人造气腹后前腹壁的高度与术者90度屈肘持平,可最大限度地减轻术者操作时的疲劳程度,最符合人体工程学基本原理。 3. 上肢等长原则:手术台上的各种缆线(冲吸管线、电刀线、光缆、摄像缆线等)固定点以上的长度与术者上肢等长,大致等于术者身

1. 镜视轴枢原则:以腹腔镜、靶目标和监视器构成整台手术的中轴线。人员站位和穿刺孔均应围绕着该中轴线设计、实施。

2. 平肘站位原则:调节手术台使病人造气腹后前腹壁的高度与术者90度屈肘持平,可最大限度地减轻术者操作时的疲劳程度,最符合人体工程学基本原理。

3. 上肢等长原则:手术台上的各种缆线(冲吸管线、电刀线、光缆、摄像缆线等)固定点以上的长度与术者上肢等长,大致等于术者身高减去100厘米。

4. 三角分布原则:腹腔镜与术者左右手操作孔尽可能地分布成倒的平面等边三角形,其它辅助操作孔围绕着该核心三角根据手术需要灵活布孔。

5. 60度交角原则:指术者左右手器械在靶目标内配合操作时的交角越接近60度就越符合人体工程学原理。

6. 自下而上原则:由于腹腔镜手术的视觉入路与传统开腹手术的视角中心发生90度的转移,因此,腹腔镜手术多从靶目标的正下方开始向其前下和后下方解剖游离,而开腹手术则多自靶目标的正前方开始向其前下和前上方分离解剖。

7. 梯度凝固原则:使用电刀、超声刀等电外科设备凝切管状组织结构时采用6-8-10的凝切手法可使其断端形成较长的蛋白凝固梯度,尽可能地减少术中和术后因管腔内压力变化导致的断端凝痂脱落而发生手术并发症的危险性。

8. 血供守恒原则:当某一靶目标的主供血管较常人细小时应高度警惕其侧支、变异支或穿通支血管的存在。

9. 阶段递进原则:开展腹腔镜手术时应本着由易到难、由简到繁、循序渐进的原则逐步进行。切忌在基本功不扎实时的“大跃进”,否则会放“卫星”不成、成“流星”。

10.全面优化原则:即充分考虑病人的实际病情、术者拥有的技能和各种客观的物质条件,为每一位病人优化设计理念与手术目的、优化麻醉与手术方式、优化应用程序。

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    2021-09-03 Doctor谢

    学习实用

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1014248, encodeId=3b4a1014248cd, content=学习实用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210827/26ebf6aaa4a945c9b3d956c7dbce30c9/b169d81465604687b7ca3a130b1224d3.jpg, createdBy=0db75126012, createdName=Doctor谢, createdTime=Fri Sep 03 10:51:54 CST 2021, time=2021-09-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=74451, encodeId=4fade445192, content=很好的文章学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=229, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a6a1604604, createdName=Gsurgeon, createdTime=Tue Mar 29 16:45:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=51872, encodeId=62f7518e2c4, content=基本原则,比较实用。点赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLAibgOibuZnfdFE64hJHibbD6WwEgyaXx7DtibMOSicJ6JZoLEAIdAdkhDmHWO7P7OXg2tkTicZy9libryicw/0, createdBy=aa991670466, createdName=sword20000, createdTime=Mon Jan 04 21:23:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48336, encodeId=4cea483366b, content=好文章,值得看。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 16:30:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1276347, encodeId=239d12e634749, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=768685612db' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#腹腔镜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85612, encryptionId=768685612db, topicName=腹腔镜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=74808, createdName=xinxin088, createdTime=Fri Dec 18 02:01:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1528111, encodeId=32bf152811179, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=638185622ae' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#腹腔镜手术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85622, encryptionId=638185622ae, topicName=腹腔镜手术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dedd11898824, createdName=longqijun252, createdTime=Fri Dec 18 02:01:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-03-29 Gsurgeon

    很好的文章学习了

    0

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    2016-01-04 sword20000

    基本原则,比较实用。点赞!

    0

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    2015-12-26 hixiaoluo

    好文章,值得看。

    0

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