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PTC杜氏营养肌不良症药物被拒

2016-03-02 佚名 生物谷

今天美国生物技术公司PTC Therapeutic的杜氏营养肌不良症(DMD)药物Translarna(ataluren)被FDA拒绝受理。Translarna已经在欧盟有条件上市,但如果三期临床失败仍可能被撤市。在去年的一个三期临床试验中Translarna未能显着改善DMD儿童6分钟走,但PTC认为亚组分析显示该药对部分病人可能有效。PTC前总经理说她不能肯定Translarn

美国生物技术公司PTC Therapeutic的杜氏营养肌不良症(DMD)药物Translarna(ataluren)被FDA拒绝受理。Translarna已经在欧盟有条件上市,但如果三期临床失败仍可能被撤市。在去年的一个三期临床试验中Translarna未能显着改善DMD儿童6分钟走,但PTC认为亚组分析显示该药对部分病人可能有效。PTC前总经理说她不能肯定Translarna确实有效,但是亚组分析和全新机理这两个优势应该至少给Translarna一个评审机会。FDA显然有不同看法,如果你不能确定你的药物是否有效那就回去继续收集数据。

DMD是一种比较罕见的遗传疾病,由于肌营养蛋白基因变异所致。大概每3600个男孩会有一例这种疾病。女孩虽然可以有这个基因变异但不会有疾病症状。这个病目前没有任何有效药物,患者多在30岁之前死亡。如果按疾病严重程度和已有疗法的差距算,DMD应该和ALS类似算是最大未满足医疗需求因为没有任何上市药物。受DMD影响的全是儿童,有时DMD被反着扩写为Dear Mom and Dad,更加使这个疾病令人揪心。

FDA对缺乏标准疗法的严重疾病通常会放宽审批标准,比如瘦素类似物Metreleptin的临床试验非常粗糙但也被批准上市。这令很多厂家错误估计形势,以为没有标准疗法的疾病也没有审批标准。Translarna是个结构简单的小分子,号称是核糖体调控剂,从而调节蛋白合成。这个药物针对的是一类特殊的DMD,即无义突变型,约占DMD病人的13%。DMD机理相对清晰,即肌营养蛋白(dystrophin)表达不足。但在关键临床试验中Translarna仅增加不到3%的肌营养蛋白,所以缺乏改善症状的生理基础。

另外一类DMD药物是针对跳过外显子51表达DMD患者的反译核酸药物,过去两年一直新闻不断。但FDA已经拒绝了BioMarin的drisapersen,Sarepta Therapeutics的Eteplirsen今年5月将会得到FDA的评审结果。但因为他们的临床试验仅有12例病人,前景不容乐观。虽然这两个药物都未能显着改善肌营养蛋白表达,但都获得FDA优先审批资格。

所以短期内DMD不会有新药上市。去年年底多个实验室用CRISPR技术在小鼠整体给药(CRISPR-Cas9)显着改善了肌营养蛋白表达,令人看到一线希望。希望这个技术能够早日在DMD临床显示疗效。

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    2018-03-16 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2016-03-03 1de6a4a6m46(暂无匿称)

    厉害

    0

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    2016-03-02 原上草医生

    DearMomandDad

    0

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    2016-03-02 1de11f7fm56(暂无匿称)

    好厉害好厉害

    0

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