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上门收集 集中处置 山西力推的医疗废物管理模式亮点多

2017-09-18 高岗栓 三晋都市报

将在山西省推广的太原市小店区小型医疗卫生机构医疗废物规范化管理的先进经验和做法,有哪些亮点?

“上门收集、专业清运、集中处置”

太原市小店区先行先试小型医疗机构医疗废物“上门收集、专业清运、集中处置”管理模式,取得较好效果。在近日召开的山西省小型医疗机构医疗废物规范管理现场推进会上,小店区的做法得到了与会者一致称赞。

以现场推进会为契机,小店区小型医疗机构医疗废物规范化管理与处置的模式,将在山西省复制推广。

清运不及时、车辆难以全封闭 小型医疗机构废物处置问题多

统计数据显示,截至2016年年底,太原市医疗机构共有3724家,医疗废物年产生量近1.2万吨。其中,小型医疗卫生机构就有3519家,医疗废物年产生量约800吨。

太原市曾出台医疗废物管理的相关规定,要求小型医疗卫生机构与附近大医院签订协议,把医疗废物送至大医院设立的暂存点,再由特种垃圾处理单位收集处置。

但现实中,小型医疗卫生机构由于规模小、数量多、地理分布广等特点,医疗废物在收集、运输、集中处置方面仍存在诸多问题。具体表现为:清运不及时;运输车辆难以做到全密闭状态;存在与生活垃圾混装现象。

“更有甚者,将医疗废物掺杂在可回收废物中一卖了之。”太原市卫生计生委综合监督处处长王万金说。

为此,从2016年5月开始,太原市卫生计生委选择小店区作为试点,与太原市医疗废物管理处、太原润禾环卫工程设备有限公司合作,合理设置贮存设施,规定清运频次,调整处置收费标准,开创了小型医疗卫生机构医疗废物“上门收集、专业清运、集中处置”管理新模式。

上门收集、专业清运、集中处置 “坐等暂存”变为“上门收集”

“过去,每年医疗废物处理就要花2000多块钱,我曾和小店区人民医院、铁十七局中心医院签过协议,但由于路途远,工作时间不同步,根本做不到每两天送一次。”小店区晓丽诊所负责人说。

如今,晓丽诊所悬挂的卫生监督信息公示栏上,清晰地写着医疗垃圾接受监管的信息。诊所负责人说:“每两天就会有人上门收集垃圾,每月77元,一年费用才924元,比原先的费用少了一半多。”

“上门收集、专业清运、集中处置”的小店区管理模式,将原来的“坐等暂存”转变为“上门收集”,有效减少了医疗废物收集运输处置的中间环节,降低了医疗废物污染的概率。

王万金介绍,在试点的基础上,为切实减轻小型医疗卫生机构负担,今年5月太原市出台了《小型医疗卫生机构医疗废物规范管理实施方案》,在费用收取上参照国家标准最大化优惠。

按照《方案》,对不足100平方米的诊所,按每个月77元收取医疗废物处置费;乡镇卫生院按照每月300元收取,每年费用由原来的8640元降至现在的3600元;社区卫生服务中心按照每月1200元收取,每年费用从5万元降至1.44万元。同时,对于随意处置医疗废物行为,可处以5000元—3万元罚款。

“相比少则5000元、多则3万元的罚款,我每年交900多元就可以把事情办妥,何乐而不为呢?”一家诊所负责人说。

诊所、美容机构纳入网格管理 实现网格化监管全覆盖

据介绍,目前小店区共有800余家医疗机构。为了强化医疗废物的环境管理,小店区财政拨专项经费,为辖区内所有的医疗机构统一购置了医疗废物专用包装袋、密闭容器,用于医疗废物的安全收集管理。

同时,以社区卫生服务中心、乡镇卫生院为中心来划分网格,将诊所、医疗美容机构都纳入网格,以网格为单位进行宣传动员和签约服务。另外,所有医疗废物转运车都安装了GPS定位系统,实现医疗废物集中收集和环境监管网格化管理全覆盖。

在医疗废物交接上,小店区严格实行双签字登记制度,收集和转运做到痕迹化、可追溯。截至今年5月,小店区所有正常经营的医疗机构与太原市医疗废物管理处都签订了医疗废物集中处置协议书,实现了集中处置全覆盖。

山西省卫生计生委副主任冯立忠表示,太原市小店区小型医疗卫生机构医疗废物规范化管理的先进经验和做法将在全省推广,坚决杜绝医疗废物二次污染。

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    2017-10-06 杨柳青青

    签到学习了--

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    2017-09-19 杨柳青青

    签到学习了--

    0

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    2017-09-18 杨柳青青

    签到学习了--

    0

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