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PLoS Genet:激活这个蛋白,便有望抵御阿兹海默病

2017-03-10 佚名 药明康德

日前,英国伦敦大学学院 (University College London) 的研究人员发现,一种称为 Keap1 的蛋白可能预防阿兹海默病 (Alzheimer’s Disease, AD) 和其它神经退行性疾病的新靶点。Keap1 的作用是抑制具有保护神经元功能的 Nrf2 蛋白。通过抑制 Keap1 的功能,研究人员能够激活 Nrf2 蛋白功能,保护神经细胞在病理环境下不受损伤。

日前,英国伦敦大学学院 (University College London) 的研究人员发现,一种称为 Keap1 的蛋白可能预防阿兹海默病 (Alzheimer’s Disease, AD) 和其它神经退行性疾病的新靶点。Keap1 的作用是抑制具有保护神经元功能的 Nrf2 蛋白。通过抑制 Keap1 的功能,研究人员能够激活 Nrf2 蛋白功能,保护神经细胞在病理环境下不受损伤。

目前对 AD 的治疗仍然停留在缓解 AD 症状的层次上,市场上没有任何药物能够防止 AD 的产生或者阻止病情的进一步恶化。Nrf2 转录因子因为能够保护大脑细胞在应激条件下不受损伤而获得了研究人员的关注 。而细胞应激增强是多种神经退行性疾病的重要特征。在 AD 患者中,Nrf2 的功能受到抑制。因此,研究人员试图通过提高 Nrf2 的表达量或激活 Nrf2 的功能来治疗神经退行性疾病。

▲Keap1 与 Nrf2 相互作用机制(图片来源:《PLOS Genetics》)

强有力的 Nrf2 激活剂已经被开发出来,并且在 AD 小鼠模型中证明可以起到保护神经细胞不受神经毒性损伤并且改善记忆缺陷的作用。但是这些激活剂由于脱靶效应也带来了严重的毒副作用,而且过度激活 Nrf2 也会带来其它的副作用。因此,找到一种副作用最小的激活 Nrf2 的方法是研究人员需要解决的课题。

在这项发表在《PLOS Genetics》的研究中,研究人员在果蝇模型中发现β- 淀粉样蛋白 (β-Amyloid) 会抑制 Nrf2 功能。Keap1 是天然的 Nrf2 抑制因子。当研究人员用遗传学方法在果蝇模型中降低 Keap1 的表达量时,他们发现这可以增强 Nrf2 活性并且降低淀粉样蛋白带来的细胞毒性。进一步研究发现降低 Keap1 水平可以在果蝇模型中增加淀粉样蛋白的降解。在小鼠细胞培养模型中,研究人员发现新开发的一款直接抑制 Keap1 与 Nrf2 结合的抑制剂可以降低淀粉样蛋白对小鼠神经细胞突触的毒性。

▲阻断 Keap1 与 Nrf2 相互作用的抑制剂(图片来源:《PLOS Genetics》)

文章的第一作者 Fiona Kerr 博士说:“我们工作的重要性在于它表明阻断 Keap1 的化合物可以提高保护细胞的 Nrf2 的活性,因此它们有可能在 AD 和其它老年痴呆症患者中防止神经细胞死亡。Keap1 可能是一个防止 AD 中神经元损伤的有效靶点。我们需要更多的工作来将这种阻断 Keap1 与 Nrf2 相互作用的抑制剂开发成为能够在动物实验中使用的药物,并且检测这种策略能否保护人类神经细胞避免由 AD 导致的损伤。”

原始出处

F Kerr,O Sofolaadesakin,D Ivanov, et al. Direct Keap1-Nrf2 disruption as a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.  PLoS Genetics (In press).


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    2017-04-25 cy0324
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    2017-10-25 canlab
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    2017-03-10 11bb77eam47(暂无昵称)

    厉害了

    0

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