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武汉病毒所研发出第二代重组融合蛋白抗龋疫苗

2017-09-18 中国生物技术网 中国生物技术网

近日,中国科学院武汉病毒研究所的研究成果以Second-generation Flagellin-rPAc Fusion Protein, KFD2-rPAc, Shows High Protective Efficacy against Dental Caries with Low Potential Side Effects为题发表在Scientific Reports上。该论文全面报告了武汉

近日,中国科学院武汉病毒研究所的研究成果以Second-generation Flagellin-rPAc Fusion Protein, KFD2-rPAc, Shows High Protective Efficacy against Dental Caries with Low Potential Side Effects为题发表在Scientific Reports上。该论文全面报告了武汉病毒所黏膜免疫学科组第二代重组蛋白抗龋疫苗的研究结果。

龋齿是由细菌感染引起的慢性进展性口腔疾病,发病人群范围广,对人类健康及公共卫生危害大。随着对龋患认识的逐步提高,抗龋疫苗研发得到越来越多的关注,也将成为未来有效控制龋患的主要手段。多国科学家经数年研究,已确认变形链球菌(Streptococcus mutans)为主要的致龋病原菌,而其代谢产生的乳酸使牙釉质脱钙,进而侵害牙本质和牙髓为其致龋机制。免疫学研究则证明机体主要的防龋效应因子是口腔唾液中特异IgA抗体,主要疫苗抗原靶标包括变形链球菌纤维样表面黏附素(PAc)、糖基转移酶(GTF)以及葡聚糖结合蛋白(GBP)。诱导这些抗原靶标特异的口腔黏膜IgA应答是研发有效的抗龋疫苗的关键。许多科学家尝试探索过多种疫苗设计和免疫策略,并有大量相关科学报告。然而,大多数文献报道的龋齿疫苗在常规剂量下难以诱导机体产生足够强的唾液IgA应答,往往需要大剂量接种才能测到一定的保护效应。因此,这些候选疫苗成本高昂,安全性和有效性均难以控制,国内外迄今尚无防龋疫苗上市。

武汉病毒所研究员鄢慧民领衔的黏膜免疫学科组,致力于黏膜IgA功能、黏膜佐剂以及黏膜疫苗的研究和应用,系统研究了细菌鞭毛素蛋白(flagellin)的生物学特性和免疫活性,并通过重组改造、优化,获得了一系列具有独立知识产权的重组鞭毛素蛋白佐剂。鄢慧民学科组经过十年探索和不懈努力,将重组鞭毛素蛋白佐剂应用于龋齿疫苗的研发,先后完成了鞭毛素蛋白佐剂的筛选、重组PAc (rPAc)为免疫原的融合蛋白KF-rPAc的设计和免疫策略研究。获得了高效诱导rPAc特异性的口腔黏膜IgA应答,具有高效防龋、抑龋效果的第一代抗龋疫苗。相关研究结果相继发表在《牙科研究杂志》上,得到专业同行的广泛关注。在此基础上,学科组进一步优化了免疫原设计,去除了鞭毛素蛋白佐剂活性不需要的部分,筛选获得了第二代融合蛋白抗龋疫苗—KFD2-rPAc。与第一代融合蛋白疫苗相比,KFD2-rPAc保持了第一代融合蛋白疫苗高效诱导特异性免疫应答的能力和防龋、抑龋的性能,并大大减少了鞭毛素蛋白本身的免疫原性和TLR5相关的炎症反应。因此,第二代疫苗KFD2-rPAc具有工艺成熟、成本低廉;可设计为冻干形式,不需冷链,运输便捷;通过鼻内黏膜无创滴注或直接喷雾,甚至可以自行接种,安全方便等特点。

该学科组研发的第一、第二代重组融合蛋白抗龋疫苗均已获得中华人民共和国国家知识产权局和美国商标专利局的专利授权,具有独立完整的知识产权。近期,武汉病毒所联合广东药科大学将合作开展该疫苗的临床前研究,推进并完成临床申报,力争疫苗早日得到应用。

该研究得到了国家自然科学基金项目与中科院“135规划”培育项目的资助。

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    2017-09-20 lqvr
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    2017-09-20 licz0427
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