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Intens Care Med:重症成年患者呼吸机相关性肺炎的诊断

2020-04-27 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

经典的临床指标对VAP的诊断准确性较差。单独依赖这些指标可能会导致误诊和可能不必要的抗菌素治疗。

临床医生用于诊断呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)并判断启动抗生素治疗的体征和检查准确性尚未得到很好的归纳。近日,危重病医学领域权威杂志Intensive Care Medicine上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员试图归纳和比较体格检查、胸部X线检查、气管内吸出物(ETA)、支气管镜取样培养物(保护性标本刷[PSB]和支气管肺泡灌洗液[BAL])以及CPIS>6在诊断VAP方面的准确性。

研究人员检索了六个数据库,检索时间从数据库成立到2019年9月,并选择了以英语发表的探究上述任何VAP诊断检查准确性的研究。参考标准为组织病理学分析结果。两名研究人员独立提取数据并评估研究质量。

研究人员纳入了25项研究(1639名患者),通过体格检查发现VAP的敏感性和特异性很差:发热(敏感性和特异性分别为66.4%[95%置信区间[CI]:40.7-85.0],53.9%[95%CI为34.5-72.2])和化脓性分泌物(敏感性和特异性分别为77.0%[ 95%CI为64.7-85.9],39.0%[95%CI为25.8-54.0])。胸部X光片浸润的敏感性为88.9%(95%CI为73.9–95.8),特异性为26.1%(95%CI为15.1–41.4)。ETA的敏感性为75.7%(95%CI为51.5-90.1),特异性为67.9%(95%CI为40.5-86.8)。在支气管镜取样方法中,PSB的敏感性为61.4%[95%CI为43.7-76.5],特异性为76.5%[95%CI为64.2-85.6],而BAL的敏感性为71.1%[95%CI为49.9-85.9],特异性为79.6%[95%CI为66.2-85.9]。CPIS> 6的敏感性为73.8%(95%CI为50.6-88.5),特异性为66.4%(95%CI为43.9-83.3)。

由此可见,经典的临床指标对VAP的诊断准确性较差。单独依赖这些指标可能会导致误诊和可能不必要的抗菌素治疗。

原始出处:

Shannon M. Fernando.et al.Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adult patients—a systematic review and meta-analysis.Intensive Care Medicine.2020.https://www.esicm.org/icm-search/?id=doi:10.1007/s00134-020-06036-z#article

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    2020-04-29 Boyinsh
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    2020-04-29 智慧医人

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