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Lancet Oncology:儿童胰腺接受高剂量辐射或导致糖尿病风险增加

2012-09-28 网络 网络

    欧洲的研究人员发现,儿童胰腺接受辐射可导致在几十年后发展为糖尿病的风险增加,特别是当暴露于高剂量辐射时。     根据法国古斯塔夫研究所 Florent de Vathaire博士和他的同事的研究,当胰腺的辐射剂量为1戈瑞时,估计以后发展为糖尿病的相对风险为1.61(95%可信区间1.21至2.68)。而根据研究人员报告在Lan

    欧洲的研究人员发现,儿童胰腺接受辐射可导致在几十年后发展为糖尿病的风险增加,特别是当暴露于高剂量辐射时。

    根据法国古斯塔夫研究所 Florent de Vathaire博士和他的同事的研究,当胰腺的辐射剂量为1戈瑞时,估计以后发展为糖尿病的相对风险为1.61(95%可信区间1.21至2.68)。而根据研究人员报告在Lancet Oncol在线上的结果,在胰尾暴露于10戈瑞或更高剂量的儿童之中,其中大部分胰岛被发现有朗格汉斯细胞,且发生糖尿病的相对风险上升到11.5(95%可信区间)。

    “我们的研究强调对儿童癌症幸存者长期的后续的跟踪的重要性,“他们提出。儿童癌症幸存者在以后的生活处于各种健康问题的风险中,包括内分泌系统疾病,而之前的研究确定了糖尿病与经历放射治疗的联系。

    为了在一个大型队列试验中确认这一点,de Vathaire 和同事联系了2520个1985和1995年之间在法国和英国已治疗淋巴瘤或实体癌症且存活至少20年的病人。对他们的医疗记录进行审查以确定其治疗的细节。而糖尿病病人则由个人申报并由医疗医生确认诊断。

    研究发现共有65%患有恶性肿瘤包括肾母细胞瘤,神经母细胞瘤,非霍奇金淋巴瘤,中枢神经系统肿瘤的个体接受了放射治疗。其中四分之三收到了单一疗程放射治疗,而小部分接受多个疗程。其对胰体的平均辐射剂量是12戈瑞,而胰尾剂量为8.8戈瑞。

    而在30年随访过程中,其中65例被确诊糖尿病。这些情况在成年之前是罕见的,但45岁后累积发病率开始显现:1.总体,5.5%(95%可信区间4.1 - 7.5);2.无辐射治疗,2.3%(95%可信区间0.8 - 6.4);3.放射治疗,6.6%(95%可信区间为4.8 - 9,P= 0.0003)。并有一项明确的剂量反应效应,在45岁、胰尾接触超过10戈瑞个人的累积发病率为16.3%。剂量反应效应是独立于身体质量指数且在男人和女人、胰岛素依赖型和非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病均明显。

    最年轻的患者更容易受到未来糖尿病的困扰,曾2年前接受放射治疗的病人,其过剩相对风险为1.19每戈瑞(95%可信区间0.38 - 3.49,P= 0.018)。

    作者们说,癌症的类型也是一个强有力的因素,在45岁及以上最高的糖尿病发病率发生在有肾母细胞瘤的患者,占14.7%(95%可信区间9.6至 22.2)。而其他恶性肿瘤为3.1%(95%可信区间2.1至4.6)。该队列研究不包括有肥胖和糖尿病高风险的白血病幸存者。

    化疗整体似乎并没有影响糖尿病的风险,也不针对胰腺以外器官。不过,辐射也有其他可能导致相关的腹部损伤,例如对皮下脂肪组织,纽约市斯隆-凯特林癌症中心的凯文。 奥芬格博士和查尔斯。 斯克拉博士的介绍道。

    “我们假设如果丧失正常腹部皮下注射,脂肪积累的发生通常是优先存储在深部脏器,“奥芬格和斯克拉写的一篇评论中说。“因为内脏肥胖与胰岛素抵抗是密切相关的,我们推测,这一内脏肥胖的增加可能有助于成年时胰岛素抵抗于胰岛β细胞功能不全的发展,”他们提示说。该研究的局限性包括机会性报告偏见,排除死亡病人,并依赖于相比于现在不太准确的辐射剂量估计。

    然而,当儿童癌症患者正在接受辐射治疗时,接触到胰腺的剂量应尽可能最小,不应超过“几个戈瑞,”de vathaire和他的同事警告。

    该研究由联盟国家癌症研究所、公共保健研究所、国家癌症临床项目研究会,法国食品安全及卫生产品开发署以及辉瑞儿童青少年卫生基金会联合资助。

 

链接:

de Vathaire F, El-Fayech C, Ben Ayed FF, Haddy N, Guibout C, Winter D, Thomas-Teinturier C, Veres C, Jackson A, Pacquement H, Schlumberger M, Hawkins M, Diallo I, Oberlin O.Radiation dose to the pancreas and risk of diabetes mellitus in childhood cancer survivors: a retrospective cohort study.Lancet Oncol. 2012 Aug 22.

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    2013-07-30 minlingfeng
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    2013-07-25 howi
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    2013-08-24 amy0550
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    2012-09-30 jiyangfei

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