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黄油 vs人造黄油,谁更健康?如何选择?

2015-12-21 Mechront 译 MedSci原创

Nutrition / Diet Butter vs. Margarine: Which Is Healthiest?

黄油是从奶油或牛奶液体中分离出的固体乳制品,常用于烹饪、烘焙以及作为面包酱等。由植物性油脂如菜籽油、棕榈果油和大豆油制造的人造黄油是黄油的替代品。

脂肪和胆固醇

反式脂肪:反式脂肪会大大增加LDL胆固醇,同时降低HDL胆固醇。常温下反式脂肪是固体形式,一般情况下,人造黄油越坚硬其内含有的反式脂肪越多。不过当每份食物中反式脂肪小于0.5克时,食品公司可以声称产品不包含反式脂肪。不要仅仅只看食物上的营养标签,还要看成分里是否含有“氢化油”,那是单式脂肪的主要来源。

饱和脂肪:饱和脂肪会导致LDL胆固醇增加,但其效果弱于反式脂肪。黄油含有大量的饱和脂肪,但很少甚至没有反式脂肪。

胆固醇:胆固醇是只存在于动物产品、椰子和棕榈油。大多数人造黄油含有很少或根本没有胆固醇,而黄油含有大量的胆固醇。

最近的研究表明,身体产生的胆固醇比吃入的更多。含胆固醇食物并不会影响血液中胆固醇水平。

黄油的营养成分表

一汤匙的黄油含有100卡路里、12克脂肪、7克饱和脂肪、0.5克反式脂肪、31毫克胆固醇、0克碳水化合物和0克糖。黄油是由简单的巴氏杀菌奶油做成,有时会加点盐。

在牛吃草的国家,摄入黄油可降低心血管疾病风险。食草动物产的乳制品中含有更高的维生素K2和ω-3脂肪酸,这两种物质对心脏都是非常重要的。

如果牛获得更健康的食物,当我们使用其他牛的产品如肉类、奶酪和牛奶也可以得到好处。

人造黄油类型

人造奶油棒:一汤匙的人造奶油棒含有80 - 100卡路里、9 - 11克脂肪、2克饱和脂肪、1.5 -2.5克的反式脂肪、0克胆固醇、0克碳水化合物和0克糖。包含比黄油稍微更少的热量,但含有反式脂肪。

人造奶油:
人造奶油比传统的人造黄油含有更高比例的水,热量和脂肪更少。每汤匙的量包含40卡路里、5克脂肪、1 - 1.5克饱和脂肪、0克反式脂肪、0克胆固醇、0克碳水化合物和0克糖。比普通人造黄油含有更少的不饱和脂肪酸和反式脂肪,但仍有部分氢化油存在。

含植物甾醇的人造黄油:
植物甾醇是结构类似于胆固醇的植物性化合物。正因为如此,其可竞争胆固醇在体内的吸收,减少胆固醇的吸收,因此降低血胆固醇。含有植物甾醇的人造黄油包含一个混合的油类如橄榄油或亚麻籽油。一般来说,一汤匙的量含有70 - 80卡路里、8克脂肪、2.5克饱和脂肪、0克反式脂肪、0克胆固醇、0克碳水化合物和0克糖。该物质可降低LDL胆固醇且不含反式脂肪,但卡路里和饱和脂肪比人造奶油稍高。

黄油vs人造黄油:做出选择

选择黄油或人造黄油是由个人和特定的饮食需求所决定的。

小贴士:寻找最少的反式脂肪产品,最好是0克,一定要检查成分标签中有没有部分氢化油。如果购买黄油,选择食草动物产出的黄油。选择一个味道很好的品牌,因为如果你不喜欢它,就可能会使用太多以弥补味道平淡。

不需要考虑添加在食物中黄油的热量。黄油作为脂肪源,在每餐中均是重要的。不仅如此脂肪还提供了饱腹感,如果你吃一顿饭没有脂肪源的饭可能很快就会再次感到饥饿。

原始出处:


Butter vs. Margarine: Which Is Healthiest?



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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1708065, encodeId=1f141e08065d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e00b251e5dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人造#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25175, encryptionId=e00b251e5dc, topicName=人造)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48aa31545372, createdName=zjshifan_98647316, createdTime=Wed Sep 28 09:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=50184, encodeId=ac6350184bd, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=178, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fe261399236, createdName=xyfg98, createdTime=Tue Dec 29 15:13:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49501, encodeId=2a934950188, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=181, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRiaKicWybj5Q5KN7PWibALciaJ4W5bZwTlDSFRibFu87125pCq0IXePrC0mpbiasADRqL4NcjUoyQCT9De/0, createdBy=7c7e1636498, createdName=wzf990214, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 18:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49503, encodeId=637349503a9, content=赞一个, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRiaKicWybj5Q5KN7PWibALciaJ4W5bZwTlDSFRibFu87125pCq0IXePrC0mpbiasADRqL4NcjUoyQCT9De/0, createdBy=7c7e1636498, createdName=wzf990214, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 18:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47654, encodeId=f9824e654c9, content=食品安全要注意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Fri Dec 25 07:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1708065, encodeId=1f141e08065d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e00b251e5dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人造#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25175, encryptionId=e00b251e5dc, topicName=人造)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48aa31545372, createdName=zjshifan_98647316, createdTime=Wed Sep 28 09:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=50184, encodeId=ac6350184bd, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=178, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fe261399236, createdName=xyfg98, createdTime=Tue Dec 29 15:13:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49501, encodeId=2a934950188, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=181, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRiaKicWybj5Q5KN7PWibALciaJ4W5bZwTlDSFRibFu87125pCq0IXePrC0mpbiasADRqL4NcjUoyQCT9De/0, createdBy=7c7e1636498, createdName=wzf990214, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 18:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49503, encodeId=637349503a9, content=赞一个, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRiaKicWybj5Q5KN7PWibALciaJ4W5bZwTlDSFRibFu87125pCq0IXePrC0mpbiasADRqL4NcjUoyQCT9De/0, createdBy=7c7e1636498, createdName=wzf990214, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 18:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47654, encodeId=f9824e654c9, content=食品安全要注意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Fri Dec 25 07:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-29 xyfg98

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1708065, encodeId=1f141e08065d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e00b251e5dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人造#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25175, encryptionId=e00b251e5dc, topicName=人造)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48aa31545372, createdName=zjshifan_98647316, createdTime=Wed Sep 28 09:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=50184, encodeId=ac6350184bd, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=178, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fe261399236, createdName=xyfg98, createdTime=Tue Dec 29 15:13:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49501, encodeId=2a934950188, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=181, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRiaKicWybj5Q5KN7PWibALciaJ4W5bZwTlDSFRibFu87125pCq0IXePrC0mpbiasADRqL4NcjUoyQCT9De/0, createdBy=7c7e1636498, createdName=wzf990214, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 18:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49503, encodeId=637349503a9, content=赞一个, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRiaKicWybj5Q5KN7PWibALciaJ4W5bZwTlDSFRibFu87125pCq0IXePrC0mpbiasADRqL4NcjUoyQCT9De/0, createdBy=7c7e1636498, createdName=wzf990214, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 18:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47654, encodeId=f9824e654c9, content=食品安全要注意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Fri Dec 25 07:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 wzf990214

    有意思

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1708065, encodeId=1f141e08065d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e00b251e5dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人造#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25175, encryptionId=e00b251e5dc, topicName=人造)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48aa31545372, createdName=zjshifan_98647316, createdTime=Wed Sep 28 09:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=50184, encodeId=ac6350184bd, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=178, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fe261399236, createdName=xyfg98, createdTime=Tue Dec 29 15:13:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49501, encodeId=2a934950188, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=181, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRiaKicWybj5Q5KN7PWibALciaJ4W5bZwTlDSFRibFu87125pCq0IXePrC0mpbiasADRqL4NcjUoyQCT9De/0, createdBy=7c7e1636498, createdName=wzf990214, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 18:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49503, encodeId=637349503a9, content=赞一个, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRiaKicWybj5Q5KN7PWibALciaJ4W5bZwTlDSFRibFu87125pCq0IXePrC0mpbiasADRqL4NcjUoyQCT9De/0, createdBy=7c7e1636498, createdName=wzf990214, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 18:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47654, encodeId=f9824e654c9, content=食品安全要注意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Fri Dec 25 07:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 wzf990214

    赞一个

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1708065, encodeId=1f141e08065d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e00b251e5dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人造#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25175, encryptionId=e00b251e5dc, topicName=人造)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48aa31545372, createdName=zjshifan_98647316, createdTime=Wed Sep 28 09:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=50184, encodeId=ac6350184bd, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=178, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fe261399236, createdName=xyfg98, createdTime=Tue Dec 29 15:13:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49501, encodeId=2a934950188, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=181, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRiaKicWybj5Q5KN7PWibALciaJ4W5bZwTlDSFRibFu87125pCq0IXePrC0mpbiasADRqL4NcjUoyQCT9De/0, createdBy=7c7e1636498, createdName=wzf990214, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 18:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49503, encodeId=637349503a9, content=赞一个, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRiaKicWybj5Q5KN7PWibALciaJ4W5bZwTlDSFRibFu87125pCq0IXePrC0mpbiasADRqL4NcjUoyQCT9De/0, createdBy=7c7e1636498, createdName=wzf990214, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 18:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47654, encodeId=f9824e654c9, content=食品安全要注意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Fri Dec 25 07:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-25 忠诚向上

    食品安全要注意

    0

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