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NEJM:复发性多发性硬化症治疗奥瑞珠单抗与干扰素β-1a,哪家强?

2016-12-22 xing.T MedSci原创

在复发性多发性硬化症患者中,在为期96周的治疗过程中奥瑞珠单抗治疗比干扰素β-1a治疗疾病活动和进展率较低。奥瑞珠单抗的安全性需要大型的长期研究来评估。

B细胞可以影响多发性硬化症的发病机制,奥瑞珠单抗是一种人源化单克隆抗体,可以选择性消耗CD20+B细胞。

在两个相同的3期试验中,研究人员随机分配821例和835例复发性多发性硬化症患者分别接受每24周一次的静脉600mg奥瑞珠单抗治疗和96周内进行3次皮下注射44μg干扰素β-1a。该研究的主要终点指标为年化复发率。

奥瑞珠单抗治疗组的年化复发率比干扰素β-1a 治疗组要低,在第一个试验中(0.16 vs. 0.29;奥瑞珠单抗的复发率低了46%;P<0.001),在第二个试验中(0.16 vs. 0.29;奥瑞珠单抗治疗的复发率低了47%;P<0.001)。

在预先设定的汇总分析,在12周奥瑞珠单抗治疗组确认的无进展患者百分比比干扰素β-1a治疗组要显著降低(9.1% vs. 13.6%;风险比为0.60;95%可信区间为0.45-0.81;P<0.001),在12周确认的无进展患者百分比各组为(6.9% vs.10.5%;风险比为0.60;95%可信区间为0.43-0.84;P=0.003)。

在第一个试验中,奥瑞珠单抗治疗组钆增强T1加权磁共振病灶平均数为0.02,而干扰素β-1a治疗组为0.29(奥瑞珠单抗治疗的病灶数目降低了94%,P<0.001);在第二个试验中分别为0.02 vs. 0.42(奥瑞珠单抗治疗的病灶数目降低了95%,P<0.001)。

在第二个试验中,多发性硬化功能复合评分的变化(对步行速度、上肢运动和认知的复合指标;对于这个Z得分,负值表明恶化和正值表明改善)在奥瑞珠单抗治疗组明显优于干扰素β-1a治疗组(0.28 vs. 0.17,P=0.004);但在第一个试验中无差异(0.21 vs. 0.17,P=0.33)。

在奥瑞珠单抗治疗组有34.3%的患者中发生输注相关反应。在与奥瑞珠单抗治疗组和干扰素β-1a治疗组发生严重的感染的患者比例分别为2.9%和1.3%。在与奥瑞珠单抗治疗组和干扰素β-1a治疗组患者发生肿瘤的比例分别为0.2%和0.5%。

由此可见,在复发性多发性硬化症患者中,在为期96周的治疗过程中奥瑞珠单抗治疗比干扰素β-1a治疗疾病活动和进展率较低,奥瑞珠单抗的安全性需要大型的长期研究来评估。

原始出处:

Stephen L. Hauser, et al. Ocrelizumabversus Interferon Beta-1a in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis. N Engl J Med. December 21, 2016.

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    2017-01-12 jml2009
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NEJM:治疗复发性多发性硬化症,达珠单抗HYP优于干扰素β-1α

达珠单抗HYP是人源化的单克隆抗体,其结合CD25(白介素-2受体的α亚基)并调节白细胞介素-2信号通路。在白细胞介素2信号通路异常可能与多发性硬化症和其他自身免疫性疾病的发病机制有关。研究人员进行了一项随机,双盲,主动控制,3阶段研究,涉及1841例复发-缓解型多发性硬化症患者,比较了达珠单抗HYP(皮下注射150毫克,每4周)与干扰素β-1α(肌注剂量为30μg,每周一次)持续144周的疗效。

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