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多发性骨髓瘤患者腰椎间盘突出重吸收1例

2019-07-17 魏彦哲 要星晨 杜心如 临床骨科杂志

患者,男,42岁,因腰痛2个月、左下肢放射痛1月余来我院就诊。查体:疼痛沿L5神经根分布,左下肢腓肠肌外侧麻木,足部感觉无异常。左侧直腿抬高试验30°(+),加强试验(+)。双侧膝腱及跟腱反射正常,病理征阴性。腰椎MRI检查显示:T2像中L4~5椎间盘退变膨出,L5~S1椎间盘向左后突出,压迫L5神经根(见图1A、B)。行按摩、理疗、药物等非手术治疗2个月后症状缓解,遂未再就诊。6个月后患者腰痛复

临床资料

患者,男,42岁,因腰痛2个月、左下肢放射痛1月余来我院就诊。查体:疼痛沿L5神经根分布,左下肢腓肠肌外侧麻木,足部感觉无异常。左侧直腿抬高试验30°(+),加强试验(+)。双侧膝腱及跟腱反射正常,病理征阴性。腰椎MRI检查显示:T2像中L4~5椎间盘退变膨出,L5~S1椎间盘向左后突出,压迫L5神经根(见图1A、B)。行按摩、理疗、药物等非手术治疗2个月后症状缓解,遂未再就诊。6个月后患者腰痛复发,自感疼痛性质与前不同,呈钝痛、酸痛,夜间明显,无明显双下肢放射痛。再次行腰椎MRI检查并与8个月前对比:T2像中L5~S1突出椎间盘消失,神经根压迫解除,椎体内多发高信号改变,怀疑骨髓瘤(见图1C、D)。实验室检查:血24hM蛋白1.232g,β2微球蛋白3.82mg/L。免疫固定电泳显示:单克隆蛋白主要成分为轻链蛋白。骨髓活检:浆细胞占比7.5%,皆为幼稚细胞(见图1E)。诊断为多发性骨髓瘤,转往血液科进行治疗。



讨论

本例在腰椎间盘突出症非手术治疗8个月后出现突出的椎间盘自发性重吸收,而在疼痛缓解后再次出现腰部疼痛,最终确诊为多发性骨髓瘤。这提示在临床工作中遇到椎间盘突出症状复发患者应注意鉴别诊断,对于以腰背痛为主要临床表现的腰椎间盘突出症患者再次出现腰背部疼痛并自感疼痛性质有变化时,应注意是否合并其他疾病,完善相关检查,以减少漏诊。对于多发性骨髓瘤合并椎间盘突出症的患者,在没有马尾综合征或进行性单根神经根麻痹的情况下,可考虑暂缓手术或延长非手术治疗时间。

原始出处:

魏彦哲,要星晨,杜心如.多发性骨髓瘤患者腰椎间盘突出重吸收1例[J].临床骨科杂志,2019,22(03):384.

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    2020-06-22 jml2009
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