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JAAD:洗手液中的过敏原你了解多少?

2021-12-21 医路坦克 MedSci原创

新冠肺炎的流行使得人们每天洗手的频率大幅增加,但同时也增加接触性皮炎的风险, 我们的研究结果表明,对于手部皮炎患者来说,避免芳香类可能是一种好的经验性推荐。

 

    新冠肺炎的流行使得人们每天洗手的频率大幅增加,但同时也增加接触性皮炎的风险,我们可以通过帮助患者选择有效的低过敏产品来帮助缓解这种风险。该文试图确定洗手液中的接触性过敏原和显著的产品特征。

   2021年5月,在五大在线零售商(沃尔玛、塔吉特、亚马逊、沃尔格林和CVS)中,总共确定了160种最受好评的洗手液。对成分进行了审查,以确定含有北美接触性皮炎组织(NACDG)2017-2018标准系列中所列成分的产品的比例。

    所有洗手液都有符合规定的有效成分,例如乙醇(81.9%)、苯扎氯铵(9.4%)和异丙醇(8.8%)。71.3%的洗手液至少含有一种NACDG过敏原。最常见的过敏原是生育酚、香料、丙二醇和苯氧乙醇。

84.0%的产品在销售时都标明了“皮肤科医生推荐”、“保湿”、“无香料”或“低过敏性”等营销标语,后三项都可以从配料表上得到证实。

  • 所有标有“保湿”标签的产品都含有至少一种保湿剂;
  • 在标有“无香料”标签的产品中,39.1%的产品含有香料或交叉反应器;
  • 70.0%的“低过敏性”消毒剂含有NACDG系列成分;
  • 60%的“低过敏性”消毒剂含有至少一种致敏率超过1%的成分。

总体而言,上述可核实的广告宣传中有19.5%具有误导性。在标有“皮肤科医生推荐”的产品中,83.3%的产品至少含有NACDG系列中的一种成分。四分之一的消毒剂有“不含对羟基苯甲酸酯、硫酸盐、邻苯二甲酸盐或染料”的标签。虽然生育酚是一种常见的成分,但它的致敏性很低(0.7%)。鉴于对芳香化学物质斑贴试验的阳性率很高,我们的研究结果表明,对于手部皮炎患者来说,避免芳香可能是一种高收益的经验性推荐。

    这些研究表明,产品广告声称及其成分之间的差异并不少见。FDA有必要对个人护理产品的配方和包装进行更多的监管。消费者对“天然产品”需求的意外影响明显体现在大量含有高度致敏香料/植物提取物和更多致敏防腐剂的产品中,如苯氧乙醇(致敏率为2.5%),作为对羟基苯甲酸酯(0.6%)的替代品,这是因为普遍存在潜在的内分泌干扰和致癌作用的证据。作为皮肤科医生应该更加积极地参与相关知识的宣传中去,帮助消费者平衡这些担忧,了解产品成分背后的原理、致敏的相对风险。

文献来源:  Guo L,  Bai H,  Botto N, Allergens and Marketing Claims in Commercial Hand Sanitizers: A Cross-Sectional Study,J Am Acad Dermatol 2021 Nov 24; 

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    2022-10-08 qjddjq
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    2022-01-04 148acad2m28暂无昵称

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    2021-12-24 ms7000002136561391

    点赞

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