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Current Biology,:新机制影响细胞迁移

2014-10-20 佚名 生物谷

近日研究发现,细胞迁移对多细胞生物体的生理发育是非常重要的。在胚胎发育期间单个细胞和细胞集群可以移动相对较长的距离,细胞迁移在伤口愈合和许多成年动物的免疫过程中也是必不可少的。另一方面,不受控制的恶性细胞的迁移也会导致癌症的入侵。 细胞迁移主要在细胞培养环境中进行研究。然而,在动物组织细胞中主要迁移是在三维环境中,在那里它们必须通过相邻层细胞和细胞外基质。迁移细胞在它们的前沿部位形成动态突起

近日研究发现,细胞迁移对多细胞生物体的生理发育是非常重要的。在胚胎发育期间单个细胞和细胞集群可以移动相对较长的距离,细胞迁移在伤口愈合和许多成年动物的免疫过程中也是必不可少的。另一方面,不受控制的恶性细胞的迁移也会导致癌症的入侵。

细胞迁移主要在细胞培养环境中进行研究。然而,在动物组织细胞中主要迁移是在三维环境中,在那里它们必须通过相邻层细胞和细胞外基质。迁移细胞在它们的前沿部位形成动态突起,但是这些射线丰富的突起的功能仍然未知。

将果蝇作为模式系统,赫尔辛基大学生物技术研究所工作的Minna Poukkula发现射线丰富的突起促进动物组织中的细胞迁移。她透露,一种称为GMF的蛋白质促使肌动蛋白纤维网络分支结构的分解,并控制着果蝇卵泡中细胞群集迁移的突起的大小和生命周期。重要的是,缺乏GMF的果蝇体内突起运动的减少与边缘细胞群集迁移的问题相关。

“这些发现表明为了细胞突起的快速运动,GMF分解高效的肌动蛋白丝是必不可少的,对在一个三维的组织环境中细胞迁移来说这种突起运动是重要的。”研究小组的Pekka Lappalainen教授说。

原始出处

Poukkula M1, Hakala M1, Pentinmikko N1, Sweeney MO2, Jansen S2, Mattila J3, Hietakangas V3, Goode BL2, Lappalainen P4.GMF Promotes Leading-Edge Dynamics and Collective Cell Migration In Vivo.Curr Biol. 2014 Oct 8.

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    2015-08-21 sunylz
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