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JAMA Network Open:孕妈别喝酒,影响孩子

2022-04-11 影像小生 MedSci原创

PAE水平较低的儿童FA水平较低,行为问题较多。这些结果表明,即使是少量的PAE,对儿童的大脑结构也有可测量的影响。

近10%的孕妇饮酒,酒精会对胎儿发育产生不利影响,并导致各种身体、行为和神经系统缺陷。大量产前接触酒精(prenatal alcohol exposure, PAE)与胎儿酒精谱系障碍(fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, FASD)的诊断有关,这是一种神经发育障碍,包括终生的认知和行为困难。产前接触酒精也会增加心理健康问题的风险;超过90%的FASD患者同时患有精神疾病。

高水平的产前酒精暴露 (PAE) 与广泛的行为和认知问题以及大脑结构改变有关。然而,目前尚不清楚低水平的 PAE 是否会影响大脑结构和功能,并且之前的研究通常没有匹配良好的对照人群。

加拿大卡里加大学Xiangyu Long等在JAMA Network Open杂志发表题为Evaluation of Brain Alterations and Behavior in Children With Low Levels of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure的研究文章,比较 PAE 水平较低的儿童与没有 PAE 的匹配良好的儿童的脑结构改变和行为变化。

这项横断面研究将患有PAE的儿童与年龄、性别、家庭收入、母亲教育水平和照顾者身份相匹配的对照组进行比较。两组均未在产前接触过其他有害物质(例如烟草、大麻、非法药物)。主要结果和措施部分各向异性(FA);扩散张量成像的平均、轴向和径向扩散率,以及来自 CBCL 的几个分数,包括内化和外化行为问题。计算弥散张量成像和功能性MRI测量与CBCL评分之间的Spearman相关系数。

共有 270 名儿童被纳入分析(平均 [SD] 年龄,9.86 [0.46] 岁;141 名女性 [52.2%] 和 129 名男性 [47.8%]),其中 135 名患有 PAE 的儿童(平均 [SD]年龄,9.85 [0.65] 岁;73 名女性 [54.1%] 和 62 名男性 [45.9%])(平均暴露,1 次饮酒/周)和 135 名未暴露对照(平均 [SD] 年龄,9.87 [0.04] 岁;68 名女性[50.4%] 和 67 名男性 [49.6%])。

与未暴露对照组相比,产前酒精暴露(PAE)组白质区部分各向异性分数(FA)较低

与对照组相比,患有 PAE 的儿童左侧中央后回(0.35 [0.05] vs 0.36 [0.04];平均差,-0.02 [95% CI,-0.03 至 -0.01]),左顶下叶( 0.31 [0.07] vs 0.33 [0.06];平均差,-0.03 [95% CI,-0.04 到 -0.01]),左侧颞叶平面(0.26 [0.04] vs 0.28 [0.03];平均差,-0.02 [95% CI,-0.03 至 -0.01]),左侧枕下回(0.30 [0.07] vs 0.32 [0.05];平均差,-0.03 [95% CI,-0.04 至 -0.01]),和右侧枕中回(0.30 [0.04] vs 0.31 [0.04];平均差异,-0.01 [95% CI,-0.02 到 -0.01])脑白质的平均 (SD) FA 较低;壳核灰质中FA更高(0.22 [ 0.03] 与 0.21 [0.02];平均差,0.01 [95% CI,0.005-0.02])。

与对照组相比,PAE 儿童的外化行为得分更高(更差)(平均 [SD],45.2 [9.0] vs 42.8 [9.0];平均差,2.39 [95% CI,0.30-4.47])。其中几个区域具有显着的群体行为相互作用,这些区域中有几个有显著的群体行为交互作用,例如,在对照组中,较高的FA与较少的问题行为相关(ρ范围,−0.24到−0.08),但在PAE组中没有关联(ρ范围,0.02-0.16)。

存在显著亚组差异的白质区的部分各向异性(FA)与儿童行为量表(CBCL)得分相关

该研究发现,与匹配良好的对照组相比,PAE水平较低的儿童FA水平较低,行为问题较多。这些结果表明,即使是少量的PAE,对儿童的大脑结构也有可测量的影响。

原文出处

Long X, Lebel C. Evaluation of Brain Alterations and Behavior in Children With Low Levels of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(4):e225972. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5972

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    2022-07-21 canlab
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    2022-12-20 feather89
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    2022-04-09 ymljack
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    2022-04-07 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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