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J Infection:婴儿期广泛接种乙肝疫苗大有裨益

2018-06-22 吴星 环球医学

2018年6月,发表在《J Infect》的一项由中国香港研究者进行的研究表明,30年的新生儿疫苗接种已经大幅降低了该项目覆盖的孕妇乙型肝炎病毒感染的产前患病率。

2018年6月,发表在《J Infect》的一项由中国香港研究者进行的研究表明,30年的新生儿疫苗接种已经大幅降低了该项目覆盖的孕妇乙型肝炎病毒感染的产前患病率。

目的:旨在评估1997~2015年93134名香港出生的孕妇中,30年的婴儿乙型肝炎疫苗接种对产前乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)携带率的影响。

方法:考察以下3个阶段的出生年份中常规产前筛查中确定的HBsAg年携带率,1983年之前(疫苗可及之前)、1983~1988(HBsAg携带者的婴儿接种疫苗)、1988年后(广泛接种)。

结果:整体HBsAg携带率为8.3%(7737/93134),从1997年的10.5%降至2015年的6.5%(p<0.001),3个出生阶段队列的携带率分别为8.8%、7.0%和3.1%(p<0.001)。1983年前的队列中,年患病率从1997年的9.9%降至2015年的7.5%(p<0.001),但是其他两个队列既无差异也无趋势。然而,年患病率显示,1983年前到1988年后的队列在2007~2008和2010~2015年出现显著的下降趋势。

结论:产前HBsAg整体年携带率出现逐步下降,与3个队列在2007~2008和2010~2015年的显著下降一致,这提供证据表明,婴儿广泛接种乙肝疫苗可显著降低香港产前HBsAg携带率。

专家点评:在本次研究中,年患病率在1983~1988(HBsAg携带者的婴儿接种疫苗)、1988年后(广泛接种)中无差异和趋势,可能是因为1983年后的人群已经接种疫苗,且普及率较高,使差异不显著。1983年之前未接种的人群,随着之后大环境的改变,携带率和患病率都有所改善。文中提及在2007~2008,和2010~2015,具体年份的分析也应与该年的社会背景有关

原始出处:

Lao TT, Sahota DS, Chan PKS. Three decades of neonatal vaccination has greatly reduced antenatal prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among gravidae covered by the program. J Infect. 2018 Jun;76(6):543-549. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.04.003. Epub 2018 May 6.

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    2018-06-25 易水河

    显而易见的问题

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    2018-06-22 三生有幸9135

    学习一下

    0

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    2018-06-22 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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近日,刊登在国际杂志Clinical Infectious Diseases上的一篇研究报告中,来自国外的研究者指出随着在婴儿期感染HIV的人群逐渐经历青春期以及成年期,在其进行性行为之前,需要对其进行健康行为的引导来避免HIV的传播以及感染。 这项研究中,研究者对330名年轻人进行调查发现,其均有未进行保护措施的性行为,而且这些HIV感染者并没有向自己的性伴侣说明自己的自身情况。当性行为变得在

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