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花粉刺激易诱发过敏性鼻炎,中医针灸按摩可防治

2017-04-11 宗蕾 澎湃新闻

春季乍暖还寒,又到了外出踏青的好时节。然而,对于过敏性体质的人来说,花粉、日光等过敏原的刺激很容易诱发过敏性鼻炎。从中医角度讲,过敏性鼻炎的病因病机是什么?除了西药外,还有什么中医疗法可以防治过敏性鼻炎?过敏原有哪些过敏性鼻炎,是以突然和反复发作的鼻痒、喷嚏、流清涕、鼻塞等为特征的一种常见、多发性鼻病。中医称为鼻鼽又称鼽嚏。过敏性鼻炎的发生须具备两个条件:一、病人为过敏体质(即特应性个体),其黏膜

春季乍暖还寒,又到了外出踏青的好时节。然而,对于过敏性体质的人来说,花粉、日光等过敏原的刺激很容易诱发过敏性鼻炎。从中医角度讲,过敏性鼻炎的病因病机是什么?除了西药外,还有什么中医疗法可以防治过敏性鼻炎?

过敏原有哪些

过敏性鼻炎,是以突然和反复发作的鼻痒、喷嚏、流清涕、鼻塞等为特征的一种常见、多发性鼻病。中医称为鼻鼽又称鼽嚏。

过敏性鼻炎的发生须具备两个条件:一、病人为过敏体质(即特应性个体),其黏膜具有易感性,大多有家族遗传史。

二、过敏原(变应原)的存在及接触:

吸入过敏原:如花粉、室尘(螨虫)、真菌、动物羽毛及皮毛、工业或农业粉尘。

食入过敏原:如牛奶、鸡蛋、鱼虾、豆类等。

接触过敏原:如化妆品、肥皂、油漆、酒精等。此外寒冷、热、日光等物理因素,某些细菌及霉素,内分泌失调或体液酸碱平衡失调等病因均可致病。

病因病机是什么

从中医角度来看,过敏性鼻炎病因病机是什么?

鼻鼽最早见于《素问·脉解篇》。病因主要是:肺气虚弱,卫表不固,则腠理疏松,风寒乘虚而入,犯及鼻窍,邪正相搏,肺气不得通调,津液停聚,鼻窍壅塞,遂致喷嚏流清涕;脾气虚弱,生化不足,肺气亦虚,则鼻窍失养,外邪或异气从口鼻侵袭,停聚鼻窍而发为鼻鼽;而肺气之根在肾,肾虚则摄纳无权,气不归元,风邪得以内侵。此外肺经素有郁热,肃降失职,邪热上犯鼻窍,亦可发为鼽。故鼻鼽的病变在肺,但其病理变化与脾肾有一定关系。

中医治疗讲究辨证论治,过敏性鼻炎的主证为: 一般症状发作突然,先感鼻腔发痒、酸胀不适,继则喷嚏频作,鼻塞流清涕,质稀量多,嗅觉暂时减退。检查见鼻内黏膜肿胀湿润,其色淡白或灰白。

肺气虚寒型:

鼻窍奇痒,喷嚏连连,继则流大量清涕,鼻塞不通,嗅觉减退。病者平素恶风怕冷,易感冒,每遇风冷则易发作,反复不愈。全身症见倦怠懒言,气短音低,或有自汗,面色发白。舌质淡红,苔薄白,脉虚弱。

肺脾气虚型:

鼻塞鼻胀较重,鼻涕清稀或黏白,淋漓而下,嗅觉迟钝,双下鼻甲黏膜肿胀较甚,苍白或灰暗,或呈息肉样变。患病日久,反复发作,平素常感头重头昏,神昏气短,怯寒,四肢困倦,胃纳欠佳,大便或溏。舌质淡或淡胖,舌边或有齿印,苔白,脉濡弱。小儿鼻鼽,以肺脾气虚为多见。

肾阳亏虚型:

鼻鼽多为长年性,鼻痒不适,喷嚏连连,时间较长,清涕难敛,早晚较甚,鼻甲黏膜苍白水肿。患者平素颇畏风冷,甚则枕后、颈项、肩背亦觉寒冷,四肢不温,面色淡白,精神不振。或见腰膝酸软,遗精早泄,小便清长,夜尿多。舌质淡,脉沉细弱。

肺经伏热型:

鼻痒,喷嚏频作,流清涕,鼻塞,常在闷热天气发作。全身或见咳嗽,咽痒,口干烦热,舌质红,苔白或黄,脉数。检查见鼻黏膜色红或暗红,鼻甲肿胀。

治疗方法有哪些

过敏性鼻炎有什么治疗方法?

西医治疗以抗组胺药作为过敏性鼻炎治疗的首选药物。此外还有麻黄素等减充血药、抗胆碱药、肥大细胞稳定剂、激素类药物。

中医治疗则以调摄肺脾肾三脏之气为法则。中医针灸、耳穴、自我按摩等疗法都可以防治过敏性鼻炎。

1.针刺法:

主穴:迎香、上星、风池、合谷

配穴:肺气虚寒:百会、肺俞

肺脾气虚:肺俞、脾俞、足三里

肾阳亏虚百:肾俞、足三里、命门、腰阳关

肺经伏热:鱼际、列缺

每次选主穴及配穴各1~2穴,手法以捻转补法为主。每日针刺1次,7—10日为1个疗程。

2.灸法:

取百会、上星、身柱、印堂、涌泉、命门、肺俞、脾俞、肾俞、足三里、三阴交等穴。每次选l~3穴,悬灸15分钟,灸至局部焮热感,皮肤出现红晕为度。每日1次,7~10日为1个疗程。

3.耳穴贴压法:

取肾上腺、内分泌、神门、鼻、肺、脾、肾等穴。每次选2~5穴,隔3日1次。方法:将压贴物如王不留行子或耳珠贴在胶布上,左手固定耳郭,右手将已粘好的王不留行胶布对准穴位压贴好,压贴时要稍施压力。并嘱患者平时用手按压刺激穴位。

4.自我按摩疗法:

双手鱼际互相摩擦至发热后,贴于鼻两侧,沿鼻根至迎香穴往返按摩,至局部发热为止,然后再由攒竹穴向太阳穴推擦至局部发热,每日2~3次。也可用两手中指于鼻梁两边揩擦20-30次,令表里俱热,每日早晚各揩擦一回。并以掌心按摩面部及颈后、枕部皮肤,轻柔,每次10—15分钟。

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    2017-08-30 gdsun
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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655125, encodeId=6b5c165512575, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=43a9e6188a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#粉刺#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76188, encryptionId=43a9e6188a0, topicName=粉刺)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=890524636984, createdName=gdsun, createdTime=Wed Aug 30 19:16:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2046822, encodeId=877020468226b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6f5294036b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#过敏性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94036, encryptionId=6f5294036b1, topicName=过敏性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a8e213, createdName=hongbochen, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 10:16:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1396401, encodeId=5a7c139640174, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=89f18693e6e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#花粉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86937, encryptionId=89f18693e6e, topicName=花粉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=智者为医08, createdTime=Thu Apr 13 13:16:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187035, encodeId=291c18e035ed, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=74221626377, createdName=tofsw, createdTime=Thu Apr 13 07:40:33 CST 2017, time=2017-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=186844, encodeId=cc7718684410, content=文章很好,值得分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 12 09:40:32 CST 2017, time=2017-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=186831, encodeId=fe6918683106, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=418d1603809, createdName=jiuling, createdTime=Wed Apr 12 09:11:18 CST 2017, time=2017-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=186804, encodeId=cd7f18680423, content=值得学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/udqvoAsWtvRVficPKOpMh4M31O9bJ8jMiaUHAheeNpIqMapC8mUnBWfEskrcVjofbicWU4icRD6vFvVeEYlPmSbXELickazEGVFYO/0, createdBy=24741603767, createdName=医艺依意, createdTime=Wed Apr 12 07:45:39 CST 2017, time=2017-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=186750, encodeId=8de9186e50c8, content=西医没有好办法中医有效, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3xjZ9qh3bhXrJtUlmycKGfQKPuADVZQsdNAQj5IrHHlzbGsDwScictBgogYRk8KhicpgEKwTEfOHgqw/0, createdBy=bc931611963, createdName=jin321, createdTime=Wed Apr 12 00:46:34 CST 2017, time=2017-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-13 tofsw

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-04-12 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章很好,值得分享

    0

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    2017-04-12 jiuling

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-04-12 医艺依意

    值得学习,谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-04-12 jin321

    西医没有好办法中医有效

    0

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