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每日病例丨甲状旁腺功能亢进症引发的高危并发症

2017-11-12 MedSci MedSci原创

该病多由甲状旁腺功能亢进症引起,恶性肿瘤也有引起该病的可能。该病临床表现不具特征性,所以需要临床医生在工作中提高警惕病史:患者为一41岁男性,平素体健,无不良嗜好。15天前无明显诱因下出现食欲减退、恶心、呕吐,伴全身疼痛、四肢乏力、心悸。当地医院查甲状腺功示:T4、FT4升高,TSH降低,诊断为“浅表性胃窦炎、甲状腺功能亢进症(简称甲亢)”, 予抑酸及抗甲亢治疗,症状未见明显好转,且精神差,消瘦明



该病多由甲状旁腺功能亢进症引起,恶性肿瘤也有引起该病的可能。该病临床表现不具特征性,所以需要临床医生在工作中提高警惕。

病史:

患者为一41岁男性,平素体健,无不良嗜好。15天前无明显诱因下出现食欲减退、恶心、呕吐,伴全身疼痛、四肢乏力、心悸。

当地医院查甲状腺功示:T4、FT4升高,TSH降低,诊断为“浅表性胃窦炎、甲状腺功能亢进症(简称甲亢)”, 予抑酸及抗甲亢治疗,症状未见明显好转,且精神差,消瘦明显。

1天前,患者四肢无力加重,行走不稳,反应迟钝,10h前突发心悸来我院治疗。心电图示室速(心室率170次/分),BUN 31mmol/L,Cr 3739mol/L,予速尿及抗心律失常治疗无好转,出现意识障碍。

本院会诊后立即予生理盐水 2000mL快速静脉滴注(静滴)每30分钟100mL温开水鼻饲 管灌注,速尿40rag静脉推注,依***40u肌肉注射(肌注), 氢化可的松200mg静滴。

查体:

患者昏睡,重度脱水貌。右侧甲状腺区扪及3.5em×4cm包块,表面光滑,随吞咽活动。颈部淋巴结未扪及肿大双肺呼吸音粗。少许湿罗音。心脏临界大,心率116次/分,律齐,未闻及杂音腹部查体正常。

辅助检查:

颈部B超:
甲状腺右叶实性占位病变,甲状腺腺瘤伴部分液化可能性大;甲状腺右叶下极外侧部可疑异常回声区,性质待定。

X线检查:双侧肋骨、胸椎、双手诸指骨骨质疏松; 心肺未见明显异常。骨密度正常

颈部ECT:纵膈异常放射性浓聚影,甲状旁腺功能亢 进症可能

腹部彩超:右肾囊性占位; 轻度脂肪肝;胆囊壁胆固醇结晶。

外腹部CT:左肾小结石。

甲状旁腺探查加甲状旁腺瘤切除术后病理报告示甲状旁腺腺瘤伴坏死

血常规:
白细胞22.7×109/L,中性粒细 胞92.1%。

大生化:血Ca2+ 5.39mmol/L,血磷3~1.63mmol/L,血钾4.5mmol/L,血钠163mmol/L,血氯130mmol/L、心肌酶谱CK 556u/L,CK—MB 33u/L,肌钙蛋白(-)、BUN 31.6mmol/L,Cr 388ttmol/ L,尿酸830.49mol/L。

甲状旁腺素(PTH):260.4 pmol/L

简要解析:

该病可影响多个系统,且均不具备特异性,故容易误诊,由于病情发展较快,若不能及时做出判断与处理,会导致病情加重,乃至造成患者死亡。在临床中遇到可能出现类似情况的患者应多加注意。

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    2018-08-04 丁鹏鹏
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    2017-11-13 jihuaijun1112

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