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BMJ:直接口服抗凝药与华法林的风险和益处比较

2018-07-06 xing.T MedSci原创

总的来说,与华法林相比,阿哌沙班被认为是最安全的药物,其降低了大出血、颅内出血和胃肠道出血的风险。然而,与华法林相比,利伐沙班和低剂量阿哌沙班与全因死亡风险增加有关。

近日,顶级杂志BMJ上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员旨在评估与华法林相比,直接口服抗凝剂(DOACs)与出血风险、缺血性卒中、静脉血栓栓塞和全因死亡率之间的关联。

该研究为前瞻性开放队列研究,132231名参与者服用华法林,7744名参与者服用达比加群,37863名参与者服用利伐沙班和18223名参与者服用阿哌沙班,在进入研究之前12个月未接受抗凝治疗,在2011年至2016年间参与者分为103270例房颤患者和92791例无房颤患者。该研究的主要结局指标为引起入院或死亡的大出血,还分析了出血的特定部位和全因死亡率。

在房颤患者中,与华法林相比,服用阿哌沙班与大出血(校正风险比为0.66,95%置信区间为0.54-0.79)和颅内出血(0.40,0.25-0.64)风险降低相关;达比加群与颅内出血风险降低有关(0.45,0.26-0.77)。在服用利伐沙班(1.19,1.09-1.29)或较低剂量的阿哌沙班(1.27,1.12-1.45)的患者中可观察到全因死亡的风险增加。在无房颤的患者中,与华法林相比,服用阿哌沙班与大出血(0.60,0.46-0.79)、任何消化道出血(0.55,0.37-0.83)和上消化道出血(0.55,0.36-0.83)风险降低有关;利伐沙班与颅内出血风险降低有关(0.54,0.35-0.82)。在服用利伐沙班(1.51,1.38-1.66)和较低剂量阿哌沙班(1.34,1.13-1.58)的患者可观察到全因死亡的风险增加。

总的来说,与华法林相比,阿哌沙班被认为是最安全的药物,其降低了大出血、颅内出血和胃肠道出血的风险。然而,与华法林相比,利伐沙班和低剂量阿哌沙班与全因死亡风险增加有关。

原始出处:

Yana Vinogradova, et al.Risks and benefits of direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in a real world setting: cohort study in primary care.BMJ 2018;https://www.bmj.com/content/362/bmj.k2505

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1940783, encodeId=e7451940e8363, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3381e24301c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#直接口服抗凝药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72430, encryptionId=3381e24301c, topicName=直接口服抗凝药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ca89104, createdName=huperzia, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 23:10:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848552, encodeId=cb1e18485529e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Sun Sep 23 16:10:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330855, encodeId=466833085541, content=看来新药也不是都好., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=59181997370, createdName=zltifn, createdTime=Wed Jul 11 15:22:29 CST 2018, time=2018-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1377407, encodeId=84a013e74078a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3098382134a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#口服抗凝药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38213, encryptionId=3098382134a, topicName=口服抗凝药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=49ef408, createdName=hunizi005, createdTime=Sun Jul 08 06:10:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329769, encodeId=ae64329e697c, content=新型抗凝剂较华法令更安全有效., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=60791943465, createdName=1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Jul 06 17:20:50 CST 2018, time=2018-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-09-23 gaoxiaoe
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1940783, encodeId=e7451940e8363, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3381e24301c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#直接口服抗凝药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72430, encryptionId=3381e24301c, topicName=直接口服抗凝药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ca89104, createdName=huperzia, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 23:10:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848552, encodeId=cb1e18485529e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Sun Sep 23 16:10:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330855, encodeId=466833085541, content=看来新药也不是都好., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=59181997370, createdName=zltifn, createdTime=Wed Jul 11 15:22:29 CST 2018, time=2018-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1377407, encodeId=84a013e74078a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3098382134a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#口服抗凝药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38213, encryptionId=3098382134a, topicName=口服抗凝药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=49ef408, createdName=hunizi005, createdTime=Sun Jul 08 06:10:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329769, encodeId=ae64329e697c, content=新型抗凝剂较华法令更安全有效., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=60791943465, createdName=1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Jul 06 17:20:50 CST 2018, time=2018-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-11 zltifn

    看来新药也不是都好.

    0

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    2018-07-06 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    新型抗凝剂较华法令更安全有效.

    0

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