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Lancet Oncology:替莫唑胺可作为高龄恶性胶质瘤患者的常规疗法

2012-08-27 丁香园 丁香园

恶性胶质瘤患者的年龄多数超过60岁,但治疗指南所依据的试验所针对的患者年龄则仅到70岁。为评估60岁及以上年龄段的恶性胶质瘤患者的最佳姑息治疗方法,在瑞典林雪平大学Annika Malmstrom博士牵头下,欧洲科学家进行了一项注册编号为ISRCTN81470623的随机试验。该研究结果在线发表于2012年8月7日的《柳叶刀肿瘤学》(Lancet Oncology)杂志上。 试验招募的恶性胶质瘤

恶性胶质瘤患者的年龄多数超过60岁,但治疗指南所依据的试验所针对的患者年龄则仅到70岁。为评估60岁及以上年龄段的恶性胶质瘤患者的最佳姑息治疗方法,在瑞典林雪平大学Annika Malmstrom博士牵头下,欧洲科学家进行了一项注册编号为ISRCTN81470623的随机试验。该研究结果在线发表于2012年8月7日的《柳叶刀肿瘤学》(Lancet Oncology)杂志上。

试验招募的恶性胶质瘤新确诊患者来自于奥地利、丹麦、法国、挪威、瑞典、瑞士和土耳其。研究人员通过电脑产生的随机组合,将患者按参试中心进行层级分配,接受替莫唑胺(每28天中的第1-5天,给药剂量为200mg/m2,共给药6个周期)、超分割放疗(辐射量34·0Gy,3·4Gy/次,共2周)或常规放疗(辐射量60·0Gy,2·0Gy/次,共6周)。患者及研究人员均知晓治疗分配情况。主要的试验目标为总体生存期,按治疗意图进行相关分析。

研究结果表明,在招募的342例患者中,有291例患者被随机分入三个治疗组(替莫唑胺n=93,超分割放疗n=98,常规放疗n=100),其余51例患者被随机分至两组(替莫唑胺n=26,超分割放疗n=25)。在随机分配的3个治疗组中,与常规放疗相比,替莫唑胺治疗患者的中位总体生存期明显较长(8·3个月[95% CI 7·1–9·5;n=93] vs 6·0个月[95% CI 5·1–6·8;n=100]风险比[HR]0·70;95% CI 0·52–0·93,p=0·01),但超分割放疗则未达到该效果(7·5个月[6·5–8·6;n=98],HR 0·85[0·64–1·12],p=0·24)。所有接受替莫唑胺或超分割放疗治疗的患者(n=242)的总体生存期类似(8·4个月[7·3–9·4;n=119] vs 7·4[6·4–8·4;n=123];HR 0·82,95% CI 0·63–1·06;p=0·12)。对于年龄高于70岁的患者,替莫唑胺治疗及超分割放疗的生存期优于常规放疗(替莫唑胺HRvs常规放疗为0·35[0·21–0·56],p<0·0001;超分割放疗HR vs 常规放疗为0·59[95% CI 0·37–0·93],p=0·02)。经替莫唑胺治疗的MGMT启动子甲基化患者,其生存期明显长于MGMT启动子未甲基化的患者(9·7个月[95% CI 8·0–11·4] vs 6·8个月[5·9–7·7];HR 0·56[95% CI 0·34–0·93],p=0·02),但接受放疗的启动子甲基化与启动子未甲基化的患者之间并无差异(HR 0·97[95% CI 0·69–1·38];p=0·81)。

研究发现,与预期一致,在替莫唑胺组中,最常见的3-4级不良事件为性粒细胞减少(n=12)和血小板减少(n=18)。在所有随机分配的组别中,共报告有18例患者患有3-5级传染性疾病。有两例患者患有致死性传染病(一例发生于替莫唑胺组,另一例发生于常规放疗组),替莫唑胺组中的一例2级血小板减少患者因消化道出血死于术后并发症。

因此,研究人员认为,常规放疗对患者,尤其对于年龄高于70岁的患者的预后较差。替莫唑胺与超分割放疗均应视为高龄恶性胶质瘤患者的常规治疗方法。而MGMT启动子甲基化状态也可作为患者从替莫唑胺治疗中获益的预测性指标。

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    2013-08-12 minlingfeng
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    2012-08-29 xlysu

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