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科学家发现新的麻风病遗传标志物

2016-12-27 彭科峰 科学网 www.sciencenet.c

科学家发现新的麻风病遗传标志物

 

麻风主要危害为致残和致死,麻风菌选择性破坏皮肤及外周神经以及治疗过程中发生的危及生命的严重药物不良反应是致残和致死的主要原因,既往只能通过对已发病例的早诊断、早治疗降低致残和致死率。发现麻风遗传学标志,构建有效的麻风风险预测模型是用于高危个体筛查,实现“精准”化学预防的前提。日前,山东省医学科学院所属山东省皮肤病性病防治研究所张福仁团队发现麻风最新遗传标志物,相关成果发布于《自然—通讯》。

近十年来张福仁教授团队联合国内外多个团队,对麻风开展了深入系统的基础和应用研究,取得了一系列原创性成果。

科研人员在既往研究基础上,共纳入8,156麻风病例和15,610例正常对照,除验证了既往发现的所有遗传学标志,还发现了4个新的易感位点,并利用皮损转录组RNA测序技术将易感基因定位于SYN2, BBS9, CTSB和MED30基因。本研究首次证明神经功能相关基因与麻风发病相关,而在麻风病人皮损中的基因表达量显著降低,提示了神经功能相关基因的正常表达可抵抗麻风分枝杆菌在神经末梢的感染。

迄今,张福仁教授研究团队共发现22个麻风发病相关的遗传标志物,并以这些标志物为基础成功的构建了麻风发病风险预测模型,并利用该模型对山东省逾1.8万人份麻风密切接触者进行风险评估,筛选高危个体并给予预防性服药,加速了麻风精准化学预防时代的到来,实现了基础研究向临床应用的成功转化。

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