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Dig Dis Sci:维生素D缺乏导致结肠局部肾素-血管紧张素系统的激活而加剧结肠炎症

2021-01-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

炎性肠病(IBD)是人类胃肠道的慢性疾病,由克罗恩病(CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(UC)组成。

      炎性肠病(IBD)是人类胃肠道的慢性疾病,由克罗恩病(CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(UC)组成。尽管IBD的病因仍不确定,但遗传,环境,微生物和免疫因素之间复杂相互作用的紊乱造成了疾病的发生已经获得公认。肠上皮屏障由单层上皮细胞和相邻细胞之间的细胞间连接组成,可防止有害的物质,微生物,毒素和腔内抗原进入人体。上皮连接的破坏或失调和/或过度的上皮细胞凋亡会损害屏障功能,从而导致腔内抗原和细菌向固有层移位,并引发结肠炎症。

 

 

      肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)可以发挥多种生理作用。肾素是一种蛋白酶,可将血管紧张素原(AGT)裂解为血管紧张素(Ang)I,再被血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)裂解为Ang II,后者是RAS的主要效应子,通过与血管紧张素受体(AT1R和AT2R)结合发挥作用。RAS成分也存在于外周组织中,可能通过旁分泌/自分泌机制调节局部功能。有趣的是,IBD患者的结肠局部RAS被激活,可能参与了结肠炎症的促进。

 

 

 

      维生素D具有广泛的生物学功能,包括钙化和非钙化活性,IBD患者常见维生素D缺乏的症状。而且维生素D缺乏与IBD疾病活动性增加相关。最近的研究表明,维生素D是通过阻断过量黏膜上皮细胞凋亡,并保护结肠粘膜屏障而抑制结肠炎症的发生。因此,本项研究旨在探究维生素D是否抑制局部结肠RAS激活,以减轻结肠炎的小鼠模型中的结肠粘膜炎症。

 

 

      研究人员采用2,4,6-三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)诱导饲喂维生素D缺乏(VDD)的C57BL / 6小鼠8周构建结肠炎模型,以饲喂维生素D充足(VDS)饮食的小鼠作为对照。通过组织学评估结肠炎的严重程度,并通过实时RT-PCR和Western印迹对促炎性细胞因子,RAS成分和信号通路进行定量。

 

 

      研究结果发现与饲喂VDS的小鼠相比,饲喂VDD的小鼠血清25(OH)D3浓度显着降低。当这些VDD小鼠被TNBS诱导为结肠炎时,与VDS对应小鼠相比,它们表现出更严重的结肠炎症。VDD喂养导致更高的粘膜促炎细胞因子生成,更高的肌球蛋白轻链激酶紧密连接调节途径激活和粘膜通透性增加更为严重。VDD饮食喂养还增强了结肠RAS激活。血管紧张素II受体阻滞剂氯沙坦治疗可显着减轻TNBS诱导的VDD小鼠的结肠炎。

 

 

 

      本项研究证实维生素D缺乏会导致结肠中局部RAS的过度活化而促进结肠发炎。

 

 

原始出处:

Xinzhi Wei. Et al. Vitamin D Deficiency Exacerbates Colonic Inflammation Due to Activation of the Local Renin–Angiotensin System in the Colon.Digestive Diseases and Sciences. 2021.

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Nat Commun:老年人补充维生素D会如何影响肠道微生物组?

其对567名老年男性进行横断面分析,利用LC-MSMS量化血清维生素D代谢物,并从16S核糖体RNA基因测序数据中定义粪便亚操作分类单元。

Clin Nutrition:维生素D缺乏与脑组织健康程度存在关联

有文献已经证实,维生素D缺乏与痴呆症的风险增加有关。

Clin Exp Allergy:血清25-羟基维生素D水平与过敏性鼻炎、过敏性致敏和非过敏性鼻炎之间无关联

之前的观察性研究没有发现血清25-羟维生素D(25(OH)D)水平与过敏性鼻炎(AR)或过敏性致敏(AS)之间有结论性的关联。最近,有研究人员采用双样本孟德尔随机化(MR)方法,调查了25(OH)D水

Clin Nutrition: 25(OH)D的生物利用度与弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤患者的临床结局相关

我们已经知道,维生素D功能不足与多种癌症类型的临床结局较差有关。然而,其在弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)患者中的作用仍不清楚。

JCEM:COVID-19住院患者维生素D状况分析

与基于人群的对照组相比,住院的COVID-19患者25OHD水平较低,这些患者缺乏症的患病率较高。研究人员没有发现维生素D浓度或维生素缺乏与疾病严重程度之间的任何关联。

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