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Biol Psychiat:抑郁症患者易自杀 大脑炎症难逃责任

2017-09-28 佚名 生物探索

抑郁症不仅仅是一种心理疾病,它背后同样存在复杂的生理基础。近日,一项来自曼彻斯特大学的研究发现,抑郁症患者的自杀念头与大脑炎症之间存在关联。这是科学家首次在活体中证实这种联系。该研究发表于Biological Psychiatry期刊上。

抑郁症不仅仅是一种心理疾病,它背后同样存在复杂的生理基础。近日,一项来自曼彻斯特大学的研究发现,抑郁症患者的自杀念头与大脑炎症之间存在关联。这是科学家首次在活体中证实这种联系。该研究发表于Biological Psychiatry期刊上。

抑郁症是一种常见的心境障碍。与我们日常生活中经历的短暂的情绪低落不同,它严重影响人们的工作和生活。最可怕的是,抑郁症可能会导致自杀,全世界每年都有80万人因此失去生命……

随着精神卫生知识的普及程度逐渐提高,越来越多的人意识到,抑郁症不仅仅是一种心理疾病,它背后同样存在复杂的生理基础。

而曼彻斯特大学开展的这项研究,进一步印证了这样的观点——“这项研究是一个重要的补充:对于那些具有自杀念头的抑郁症患者亚群来说,炎症是一个重要的神经生物学特征。”期刊编辑John Krystal博士说。

这一发现的重要意义还在于——抗炎药可能具有抗抑郁的作用,但仅限于存在明显炎症的患者。

明显的关联

研究中,Talbot博士和他的同事们测量了被诊断为重度抑郁症患者大脑中转运蛋白(translocator proteins,TSPO)的水平。TSPO蛋白是一类运输胆固醇的线粒体膜蛋白,它在免疫反应、细胞凋亡等生理过程中扮演着重要角色。

在大脑中,升高的TSPO水平将激活大脑中的免疫细胞——小胶质细胞。后者分泌一系列细胞因子,并引起大脑的炎症反应。许多神经系统疾病包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病都与小胶质细胞的过度激活有关。

研究人员考察了14名未使用抗抑郁药物的中到重度抑郁症患。通过正电子发射断层扫描技术扫描被试者的大脑,并识别炎症迹象。

研究发现,那些具有自杀念头的抑郁症患者,他们的TSPO水平显着升高,小胶质细胞被激活,大脑炎症增强。这一现象在一个名为前扣带皮层的区域尤为显着,该脑区与认知和情感过程密切相关。

类似研究不是第一次

事实上,抑郁症与神经炎症并不是第一次产生关联。2015年发表的另一项研究——来自加拿大多伦多大学的Elaine Setiawan博士和她的同事揭示了大脑炎症和重度抑郁症之间的相似联系。

“这个领域现在有两份独立的报告——我们的研究报告和多伦多的Setiawan及同事在2015年的一份报告——基本上都是一致的:在重度抑郁发作的患者的大脑中存在炎症迹象,更具体地说就是小胶质细胞的激活,” Talbot博士补充道,“这意味着,减少小胶质细胞激活或许能成为一种治疗重度抑郁症的新疗法。”

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    2017-11-06 sunylz
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2017年,佛罗里达专家工作组(Florida Expert Panel)对2015年版的佛罗里达精神科药物治疗最佳实践指南(FPG)——成人抑郁症部分进行了修订。 指南对规范化诊疗、基于量化的治疗、全面评估及总体躯体/精神健康的管理进行了强调。证据重视抑郁标注(Specifiers,如混合特征、焦虑痛苦等)及药物遗传学(及其他生物行为标记物)在指导治疗决策选择中的意义。

Biol Psychiat:科学家发现,“神经炎症”是导致抑郁症患者自杀的主要因素

英国曼彻斯特大学(University of Manchester)的一项新研究表明,患有重度抑郁症(MDD)的患者大脑中出现了一种神经胶质激活的标志,这是一种炎症。在这项研究中,彼得·塔尔博特博士和他的同事们发现,炎症标志物的增加,只会在患有MDD的身上出现,因为他们有自杀的想法。将炎症的作用确定在自杀倾向上,而不是诊断MDD本身。

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