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Blood:影响AML老年患者造血细胞移植预后的遗传因素

2022-06-27 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在老年AML患者中,MRD阳性和造血细胞移植预后的分子相关性主要是由基线遗传学因素驱动的,而不是缓解期新出现的突变。

急性髓系白血病 (AML) 老年患者异基因造血细胞移植 (HCT) 后的复发风险相对较高,生存率低。年轻患者可以接受清髓调节以降低与高风险基因或可检测残留病灶 (MRD) 相关的复发风险,但老年人往往只能接受降低强度的调节 (RIC) 以限制毒性。

为了确定影响老年患者HCT结果的因素,研究人员对295位年满60岁的AML患者的诊断样本进行了靶向突变分析 (变异等位基因组分≥2%),这些患者在首次完全缓解时进行了HCT,其中91%的患者接受了RIC,而且192位患者在缓解时进行了靶向双位测序。

在一个包括基线遗传和临床变量的无白血病生存期 (LFS) 多变量模型中,研究人员定义了低 (3年LFS, 85%)、中(55%)、高 (35%) 和非常高 (7%) 风险的患者。


受试患者确诊AML时携带的突变情况

在HCT前,79.7%的患者存在持续的基线突变,其中只携带DNMT3A或TET2 (DT) 突变的患者占18.3%,其他突变的患者占61.4%(MRD阳性)。在单变量分析中,与DT和MRD阴性突变相比,MRD阳性与复发风险升高和无白血病生存期更短相关。


不同风险患者的无白血病生存率和复发率

然而,在纳入了基线风险的多变量模型中,MRD阳性对无白血病生存期无独立的影响,可能是因为其与诊断性遗传特征(包括MRD香港基因突变、TP53突变和高危核型)显著相关。


根据MRD状态分组患者的无白血病生存率

总之,在老年AML患者中,MRD阳性和造血细胞移植预后的分子相关性主要是由基线遗传学因素驱动的,而不是缓解期新出现的突变。对于该研究患者人群,高强度的调节治疗有很大的毒性风险,需要其他合适的替代方法来降低MRD相关的复发风险。

原始出处:

H. Moses Murdock, Haesook T. Kim, Nathan Denlinger, et al. Impact of diagnostic genetics on remission MRD and transplantation outcomes in older patients with AML. Blood (2022) 139 (24): 3546–3557. ttps://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021014520

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    2022-06-29 俅侠
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