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Nat Commun:新发现!4万岁的超级细菌

2016-12-26 煎蛋网 煎蛋网

科学家在世界上最深的洞穴之一发现了一种类芽孢杆菌,最强力的抗生素也拿这种细菌没办法。这种细菌已经存在了4百万年。它的存在说明,即使在没有人类和药物的影响下,地底下自然存在的抗生素也能让超级病菌逐渐进化出免疫力。这种细菌是在新墨西哥州地下305米深的雷修古拉(Lechuguilla Cave)洞中发现的,这处洞穴非常古老,有很高的科学价值,只有科研人员才可以进入。米国和枫叶国的科学家用发现的病菌样本


科学家在世界上最深的洞穴之一发现了一种类芽孢杆菌,最强力的抗生素也拿这种细菌没办法。
这种细菌已经存在了4百万年。它的存在说明,即使在没有人类和药物的影响下,地底下自然存在的抗生素也能让超级病菌逐渐进化出免疫力。

这种细菌是在新墨西哥州地下305米深的雷修古拉(Lechuguilla Cave)洞中发现的,这处洞穴非常古老,有很高的科学价值,只有科研人员才可以进入。

米国和枫叶国的科学家用发现的病菌样本分析出了其对抗抗生素的5种途径,希望未来能够成功消灭这种细菌。

研究员称,他们在病菌中发现了前所未有的耐药机制,这意味着我们或许有时间想出新的应对方法。抗生素是通过阻碍细菌的致病机制其作用的。但病菌进化太神速了,人类永远跟不上它的速度。更惨烈的是,人类在医学甚至农业中过多使用抗生素,这加速了它们的进化。

新发现的病菌比人类出现得还早,因此它对抗生素有耐药性可能是其它环境因素造成的,但科学家不知道那是什么。测试中,这种细菌对18种抗生素都有耐药性,连抗生素中的杀手锏——达托霉素也拿它没办法。

类芽孢杆菌的主要进化机制是将个体细胞变异遗传给下一代,这也是另一种土壤细菌所使用的机制。目前,这种细菌还不能致病,但科学家希望能够在它能够致病前找到解决方法。

研究者称,既然这个洞穴里存在古老的细菌,那我们或许能在那里找到新的抗生素成分。另外,抗生素导致的细菌耐药性让我们不得不记住,这种东西有利有弊。

除非我们总能跑在前面,否则耐药性永远都是个大问题。抗生素让细菌不断进化,这种治疗手法有时比疾病本身还要危险。我们只能期待科学家能够找到解决办法。

研究发表在Nature Communications上。

原始出处:


[2] Andrew C. Pawlowski,et al. A diverse intrinsic antibiotic resistome from a cave bacterium. Nature Communications.08 December 2016.

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    2017-01-09 liuli5079
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    2017-04-24 liye789132251
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    2016-12-27 吴教授

    貌似之前已经有文章显示某个基因对达托耐药,且具有遗传性。

    0

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随着抗生素的广泛使用、甚至是滥用,细菌的抗药性正在逐步增强。近年来,令人闻之色变的“超级细菌”(对多种抗生素具抗药性(multidrug resistant,MDR)的病原体)更是大量出现。令人遗憾的是,人类已经25年没有发现新的抗生素种类了。在与超级细菌变异的时间赛跑里,我们显然已经落后。不过科学家依旧在努力寻找解决“超级细菌”的耐药性的方法,小编就为大家盘点有关超级细菌的近期研究成果。【1

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